QAQC Prelims: Topic 1

Group

people working towards a goal whose work is coordinated by someone else (e.g. a manager) for them.

Team

people working towards a common goal who coordinate their work amongst themselves.

Frederick Winslow Taylor

He was an Industrial Engineer in Early 1900s

Frederick Winslow Taylor

Father of Scientific Management

Scientific Management Philosophy

Planning functions and executions stage must be separated and that numerous individuals be assigned with specific task to minimize complexity of the task.

Scientific Management Philosophy

Maximized efficiency by distributing work and because complex work is lessened fewer mistake would occur

W. Edwards Deming and Joseph Juran

The scientific management philosophy taught by Frederick Winslow Taylor was replaced with the concept of quality improvement by __

Quality Improvement Philosophy

Dr. W. Edwards Deming taught that by adopting appropriate principles of management, organizations can increase quality and simultaneously reduce costs.

Quality Improvement Philosophy

By reducing waste, rework, staff attritions and lawsuit while increasing customer loyalty.

Quality Improvement Philosophy

The key is to practice continual improvement and think of manufacturing as a system, not as bits and pieces.

1. Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act (RCHSA) - 1968

2. Consumer Assurance of Radiologic Excellence Act - 2000

Governmental Action Of QA/QC Radiology

1968

Federal governments first step was on __ with the Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act.

Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968

Was an amendment to the Public Health Service Act mandating performance standards for electronic products suspectable for electromagnetic radiation or radiation emissions.

Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968

The United States act established provisions involving research and development programs for the studies of electromagnetic, shielding, ionizing radiation, non-ionizing radiation, and exposure assessment to humans.

Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968

The law requires the U.S Department of Health, Education and Welfare (Health and Human Service) to develop and administer standards that would reduce human exposure to radiation from electronic products.

Bureau of Radiological Health (BRH)

The __ was given the task to implement the Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968

1974

In __, the BRH set forth regulatory actions with several amendments to control the manufacturing and installation of medical and dental diagnostic equipment to reduce useless radiation.

1981

In __, the Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act addressed issues such as:

1. Unnecessary Repeat Exam

2. Mass Screening Program

1. Unnecessary Repeat Exam

2. Mass Screening Program

In 1981, the Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act addressed issues such as:

Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968

It is also established minimum standards for accreditation of educational programs and licensure laws.

September 2000

On __, the CARE Act was introduced in congress, which mandated educational and training requirements for all technologists performing the imaging procedures.

Medical imaging

__ demands precision in the production of high quality diagnostic images while restricting the amount of radiation administered to patients.

Quality Assurance

a set of activities designed to ensure that the development of and/or maintenance process is adequate to ensure a system will meet its objectives.

Quality Assurance

It is an assessment of the process by which a product is created.

Quality Assurance

It is often used as a description of a comprehensive overall testing program.

Quality Assurance

It also refers to the policies and processes of the radiology department and thus is related closely to workflow.

Quality Assurance

It is process oriented and focuses on defect prevention.

Quality Assurance

It is used as a description of a comprehensive overall testing program, the term may be limited to refer primarily to staff issues such as educational background requirements and licensure, peer review and maintaining competency.

Quality Control

a set of activities designed to evaluate work product or service.

Quality Control

It is an assessment of the product itself.

Quality Control

It also refers to the final quality of either images or the radiologists' reports.

Quality Control

It is product oriented and focuses on defect identification.

Quality Control

In the setting of radiology, it usually refers to the technical side of the equation, the design and manufacture of imaging devices followed by careful evaluation and maintenance of machines.

Quality Control

It deals with instrumentation and equipment.

Quality Control

It is more tangible and obvious because in this program the radiologist is provided with optimal image produced through good equipment performance and resulting in minimal patient radiation exposure.

True

T/F The terms Quality Assurance and Quality Control are often used interchangeably (or in tandem), but they have different meanings.

Quality Assurance

Definition: It is a set of activities for ensuring quality in the processes by which products are developed.

Quality Assurance

Goal: It is to improve development and test processes so that defects do not arise when the product is being developed.

Quality Assurance

Example: Verification

Quality Assurance

Responsibility: Everyone on the team involved in developing the product is responsible for quality assurance.

Quality Control

Definition: It is a set of activities for ensuring quality in products. The activities focus on identifying defects in the actuals products produced

Quality Control

Goal: It is to identify defects after product is developed and before it is released.

Quality Control

Example: Validation & Software Testing

Quality Control

Responsibility: It is usually the responsibility of a specific team that tests the product for defects.

1. Image Quality

2. Radiation Dose

Two things are of prime importance

QA/QC Program

The __ should include the means to provide appropriate training for all personnel with QA responsibilities and especially those directly involved with QC testing

1. It is to maintain the quality of diagnostic images.

2. This is done with routine monitoring of photographic x-ray equipment parameters to detect deviations of equipment performance and take prompt corrective action.

Purpose Of QC Testing Programs

Is the scheduled examination appropriate for the patient?

If so, has the patient been properly instructed before the time of the examination?

A program of QA monitors proper patient scheduling, reception, and preparation and answers the following questions:

scheduling, reception, and preparation

A program of QA monitors proper patient _

True

T/F Quality Assurances Deals With People