AMSCO APWHM Chapter 11 Vocabulary

All key terms and their definitions are listed. This is the list from the 2018 version.

Dar al-Islam

An Arabic term that means the "house of Islam" and that refers to lands under Islamic rule.

Chola Kingdom

(850-1267) over 400 years, extended to Ceylon, which became the height of trade and allowed travel to the South China Sea until the natives regained land.

Vijayanagar

a Hindu kingdom that dominated Southern India, started by Harihara and Bukka, two Hindu leaders who came from the Sultanate of Delhi, did not cause hostilities between Muslims & Hindus.Sind

Mahmud of Ghazni

conquered the Punjab region, plundered Hindu shrines in Buddhist temples in northern India to take riches, and erected mosques, but it did little to spread Islam and convert others

Punjab Region

This region covers northern India and eastern Pakistan.

Delhi Sultanate

Centralized Indian empire of varying extent, created by Muslim invaders.

Delhi

Sultan's seat of power.

Jizya

Tax on all non Muslims in the empire, imposed by the Delhi sultanate.

Funan

An early Southeast Asian state that flourished from the 1st to the 6th century, known for its strategic location along trade routes between India and China. They spread Indian culture, religion, and trade across the region.

Raja

word for king adopted by Funan rulers.

Khmers

They invaded and occupied the Funan kingdom with the Chams.

Angkor Kingdom

(889-1431 CE) known as Khmer, near the Mekong River, most successful, sophisticated irrigation and drainage, over 500 years.

Melaka

An Islamic city-state that grew wealthy due to trade in the Indian Ocean.

Kailash

A temple and sacred mountain of Hinduism

Guru Kabir

Indian mystic, wrote a devotional poem that illustrates a major cross-cultural interaction, shows mosques of Ka'aba side by side with the temples and the sacred mountain, mirrors the interaction of Islam and Hinduism

Proselytizing religion

Islam, meaning that it actively sought converts, but forcing wasn't successful.

Sufis

Islamic mystics; spread Islam to many Afro-Asian regions.

Bhakti Movement

emerged in southern India, emphasizing love and devotion to god, didn't discriminate against women or low status.

Mira Bai

female poet, one of the most famous figures of the Bhakti movement, her songs of devotion to Hinduism and lord Krishna are still popular.

Qutab Minar

mixed details of Islam and Hindu architecture, an elaborate mosque on top of a Hindu temple with Qutab Minar towering over it, a gigantic leaning tower, the tallest structure in India today.

Urdu

The language developed along with the muslims of South Asia. Sanskrit-based Hindu, Arabic and Farsi, and Persian. The official language of Pakistan.

Ramayana and Mahabharata

(2) epics popular among Funan rulers served to reinforce ideas of kingship.

Angkor Thom

A capital, royal monument, and evidence of Indian culture in Southeast Asia. It was built to house the king and display Grandeur and rule, hinting at artwork in the royal city. Khmer rulers added some Buddhist aspects but kept some Hindu as well. It is surrounded by a large moat

Angkor Wat

A Buddhist temple close to Angkor Thom. Thais invaded the area in 1451, forcing the Khmers out.

Indian Ocean Basin

Major trade area in the Indian Ocean

Calicut

a city on the west coast of India, a thriving center of trade due to interactions of merchants from East Africa and southwest Asia.

Spice Islands

Modern-day Malaysia and Indonesia; exported nutmeg, cinnamon, cloves, and cardamom.

Monsoon winds

essential for trading in the Indian Ocean, northeast in winter and southeast in summer used to carry ships in those directions during that time. Connected East Africa and southwest Asia.

Lateen sails

a triangular sail that could easily catch wind coming from many directions

Stern rudder

gave ships more stability and made them easier to maneuver, on small wooden dhows

Jatis

subcastes, operated like workers' guilds, soon absorbed into the social fabric of Indian society.