Chapter 6: Bone Tissue |Anatomy & Physiology|

Bone Tissue

Connective tissue with a matrix hardened by minerals (calcium phosphate)Individual Bones

Functions of the Skeletal System

Support, protection, movement, electrolyte balances (Calcium and phosphate), acid-base balances (buffers blood), blood formation, lipid reserves (yellow marrow), and leverage

Similarities Between Bone and Cartilage

Both are connective tissuesResident Cells

Differences Between Bone and Cartilage

Bone contains osteocytes, cartilage contains chondrocytesCanaliculi

Bone Classification

Long Bones

Bone Structure

Shaft (Diaphysis)

Compact vs. Spongy Bone

Compact Bone

Bone Cells

Osteocytes

Bone Composition

Organic Matter

Bone Structure Features

Osteon

Bone Marrow

Red Marrow

Bone Formation (Ossification)

Intramembranous Ossification

Bone Growth and Remodeling

Interstitial Growth

Hormonal Regulation of Bone

Calcitriol

Homeostatic Imbalances

Rickets

Fracture Healing Stage # 1

Fracture Hematoma: Blood clot forms, osteogenic cells invade

Fracture Healing  # 3

Hard Callus: Osteoblasts form a bony collar

Fracture Healing Stage # 2

Soft Callus: Fibroblasts deposit collagen and chondroblasts form fibrocartilage

Fracture Healing # 4

Bone Remodeling: Osteoclasts reshape the bone over time