gov chap 1

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government

made up of the formula institutions and processes through which decisions are made for a group of people

power

refers to the government’s authority and ability to get things done

policy

any decision made by government in pursuit of a particular goal

state

a political unit with the power to make and enforce laws over a group of people living within a clearly defined territory

population

yk number of ppl

a state must have people but the size of a population does not determined whether or not a place is a state

territory

states must have clearly defined and recognized borders

sovereignty

supremee power to act within its territory and to control its eternal affairs

ensure national security

one of the most basic purposes of government is to guard its territory and its people against external threats such as those posed by enemy states and terrorrists

maintain order

thomas Hobbes agrees that order could be brought to society when government was established

resolve conflict

the ability of government to maintain order is closely tied to its ability to resolve conflict

resolve thru intimidation and force or politics and judicial system

provide services

residents expect gov to provide services

gov spends billions of dollars on dozens of public policies and projects ranging from building roads and providing parks nd recreational facilities to delivering the mail and educating young ppl

provide for the common good

IDK LIKE WHAT IT SAYS

legitimacy

rulers seen as right and proper by important segments of a nations population

google—conformity to the law or to rules; abiility to be defended with logic or justification, validity

divine right of kings

made the king answerable only to God not to the people he ruled

social contract theory

holds that the first gov.s formed as a result of ppl agreeing among themselves to submit to the authority of a state

monarchy

the government is headed by one person such as king or queen who exervcises supreme authority

autocracy

any form of gov in which a single individual controls most governing decisiions

consitutional monarchy

based on the idea that there are limits to the rightful power of a gov over its citizens

power of monarch is limited by law; real power lies in another branch of gov

May coexist w other forms of gov, such as representative democracy

dictatorship

system of rule in which one person or small group of ppl can hold unlimited power over gov

totalitarianism

control over everything like all aspects of society—gov, economy, and ppls personal beliefs and actions

yk hitler and korea

oligarchy

some dictatorships may be led by small groups of ppl usually members of military or economic elite

meaning rule by a few or an aristocracy

direct democracy

government by the ppl; citizens are ultimate source of gov authority

citizens come together and hmmmmm yk I like that guy

works best in small communities

indirect democracy/republic

REPUBLIC is an indirect form of democracy that places political decision making at least one step away from the ppl

ok ik it says representative but— gov by the ppl; citizens r source of gov authority

indirect form of democracy; citizens elect representatives to make gov decisions on their behalf

representatives elected for set terms

unitary systems of gov

sovereignty rests Ina single national gov

like Japan or france

federal systems of gov

divides power over ppl and territory between a national gov and smaller regional ;levels of gov

confederal systems of gov

independent states join forces by forming a central government called a confederation

states keep full control over their own territories andd ppl

delegate limited powers to a central gov to pursue areas of common interests such as providing for national defense and regulating trade

presidential systems

distinguishedd by having a president that is elected by the ppl for a limited term of office

haha 4 yrs ur out

parliamentary systems

the executive and legislative branches of gov are combined

natural law

a system of rules derived from the natural world

natural rights

uhh human rights yk