capstone

balanced force

forces on either side of an object have the same magnitude, resulting in a net force of zero. means no acceleration

Energy is

conserved so the total amount of energy of a system remains the same. can also be transferred to other forms.

Momentum is

conserved so the total momentum remains the same before and after a collision.

Four types of friction are

rolling, sliding, fluid, and static

Rolling friction example

rolling ball on ground

Sliding friction example

rubbing hands together

Fluid friction eample

fish moving in water

Static friction example

book sitting on shelf

• Diamagnetic materials:

• Have all electrons paired, weakly repelled by magnetic fields.

• Paramagnetic materials:

• Have unpaired electrons, weakly attracted by magnetic fields.

• Ferromagnetic materials:

• Have unpaired electrons, strongly attracted and retain magnetization. strongest

magnetic poles definition

the regions on a magnet where the magnetic force is concentrated. North pole (N) and South pole (S). Like poles repel, opposite attract.

magnetic domain definiton

region within a material where the magnetic moments of atoms are aligned in a common direction. results in magnetism

magnetic field

region around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge which the force of magnetism acts.

fbd moving

forces are longer/bigger

fbd fricton

opposite of applied

fbd normal

opposite of gravity

position vs time graph shows

velocity

slope is curves position vs time graph

velocity isn’t constant (object accelerating)

velocity vs time graph shows

acceleration

fbd shows

all forces acting upon an object

potential energy types

chemical, elastic, gravitational

kinetic energy exmple

thermal, electrical, sound

types of energy

nuclear, hydro, potential, kinetic

small mass star life span

nebula, main sequence, red giant, planetary nebula, white dwarf, black dwarf

large mass star life span

nebula, main sequence, supernova, black hole (big), or core collapse

big bang

beginning of space n time

evidence f Big bang

red and blue shift of light, CMB, light element abundance

asteroid

large rock in space

comet

mostly ice has tail

meteor

comet/asteroid in earth atmoshere

meteroite

meteor that hit earth surface

meteroid

meteor that’s reflected into space

layers of earth

core (inner outer), mantle (asthenosphere lithosphere (top) mesosphere), crust (continental n oceanic, is in litho)

relative dating

rock layers of sedimentary rock, older rock farther down and younger near the top of crust

absolute adating

gives exact age of fossils by radioactive dating using isotopes

use of half lives of isotopes

rock cycle stages

Crystallization (igneous), cooling (igneous), weathering (sedimentary), erosion (sedimentary), and metamorphism (metamorphic)

sublimation

snow or ice turn to water vapor without turning into water

layers o fatmosphere

• Troposphere

• Stratosphere -

• Mesosphere -

• Thermosphere  

• Exosphere

troposphere

• Weather

stratosphere

• Stratosphere - Ozone layer

mesosphere

meteor burn up

thermosohere

Ionosphere/northern lights

exosphere

sattelites

ac power

alternate current in a circuit as housing

dc power

direct current in a circuit such as batteries

interaction of magnetic poles

north and south poles attract each other

how magnetic field lines are drawn

drawn from north to south poles

energy transformations happening in the world

kinetic to potential energy and vice versa

total energy the same throughout a system

convergent

plates collide making volcanoes and mountains

collision and subduction

divergent

plates move away from each other making new crust and trenches

transform

plates move horizontally by each other - makes earthquakes

 Newton’s law 1

• An object in motion will stay in motion and an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an outside unbalanced force. 

newton law formula 2

F=ma

newton law 3

Every action force has a reaction force that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction

series circuit

has one path so current is the same in the circuit. Each additional resistor increases the resistance.

parallel circuit

• has multiple branches each with the same voltage as the battery. Each resistor added in parallel decreases the resistance. 

how compass works with magnet

arth is a magnet -

geographic north is a south magnetic pole that attracts the north magnetic pole of compass

acelleration unit

M/s/s

force unit

N

momnetum unit

Kg * m/s

energy/work unit

J or N*m

charge unit

coulumb

resistance unit

ohm

magnetic field unit

tesla

current unit

amps