Bowl and Plate in depth

What community were they apart of

The Tewa Community

In what state were Maria and Julian Martinez tribal members

New Mexico

of what culture is pottery-making traditionally practiced by women and passed through the female line

Pueblo cultures

Who taught Maria Martinez how to do art

Her Aunt Nicolasa Penã

What is a vessel in pueblo culture

a pot for carrying water that was painted by men in Maria and Julien Martinez family

Where was one of the first public showings of Maria Martinez's work

Louisiana Purchase Exposition

What did Martinez do at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis Misssouri

She performed live demonstrations of southwestern pottery techniques.

What did Juliens family have a tradition of doing

Painting the designs onto vessels

What was Maria and Julian Martinez art like earlier in their career/collaboration

They made colorful, usually including off-white backgrounds decorated with motifs in black and reddish brown

What made the Martinez’s work stand out to others

The development of their striking black-on-black style

What would Maria do to the vessels before firing

She would cover the vessels in slip, and rub the surface with a stone until it appeared highly polished

What would Julian do to the vessels after Martinez

He would paint designs using a second layer of slip, which was brushed on without polishing

How did the firing process make the black-on-black technique pop

by firing in an oxygen-deprived enviornment, they turned the slip black, and the contrast between the textures on the two slips would subtly show patterns.

What would appear matte black on Martinez’s pottery

The painted designs appeared as dull areas of matte charcoal black that Julien Martinez did.

How is Bowl and Plate by Maria and Julian Martinez show both styles from The Lawrence tree and I saw the figure Five in Gold

It shows both biomorphic and geometric patterning

What does the Bowl from Bowl and Plate resemble

Its growth out from oa narrow base to a wider body and then growing smaller again near the mouth resembles water jars created by Puebloan peoples dating back at least a thousand years

What did Maria use to shape and smooth her pottery

ancient pottery making methods by using scoops made from gourds

What kind of pattern is on the plate in Bowl and Plate

a repeating feather design that may have been taken from patterns on Mogollon pottery

Where is mogollon pottery found

The Mimbres Valley

What do both the Bowl and Plate contain in Bowl and Plate

stylized eagle claw motifs

What is a common Pueblo motif that resembled the geometric patterning of Art Deco

Lightning bolt designs representing thunder beings

How is the “Indian Craze” similar to that of the craze surrounding the craze for Folk Art

Their both sparked a redefinition of both folk and Native art as art

Who was Angel DeCora (Winnebago)

An artist and educator who argued that Native American arts had aesthetic value outside of their Native communities

Who are the four native american artists that had success during this early 20th century era

Angel DeCora, the Martineze’s, Nampeyo (Hopi), Louisa Keyser (Washoe)

What was the culminating moment in this re-evaluation of Native Arts

the touring Exposition of Indian Tribal Arts

Who Created the Exposition of Indian Tribal Arts

John Sloan and Oliver LaFarge

How is the Exposition of Indian Tribal Arts described

The First exhibition of American Indian art selected entirely with consideration of esthetic value

What did Maria do that had a role in the reframing definition of art versus craft

She started signing the pots

Why was signing the pots uncommon in Pueblo cultures

It was unnecessary to sign works when objects were going to remain within the community ——- consider boasting about individual achievement as prideful and are more oriented toward communal benefits.