Studied by 2 people
How powerful was the storm?
the most powerful storm to ever strike land
When was it?
8th November 2013, 4.40am
What category?
5
wind speeds up to 195mph
What were the issues with tracking?
It hit hours earlier than expected
Why was the Philippines vulnerable?
the 30th named storm of the 2013 pacific typhoon season
storms can pass through islands and regain energy
high density urban areas
poorly constructed houses on flat land/near sea/steep hills
importance of agriculture → low lying fields flood
of the 14.1mn affected 4.8 million were already in poverty
Issues with preparation?
stockpiles of supplies were on ground floors of buildings = flooded
local response expected from governments
→ need better national coordination
How many homeless?
1.4 million
How many dead?
6000 - 10,000
How many were evacuated?
800,000 → president televised warning
How high was the storm surge?
6m
buildings washed away/destroyed →half of buildings damaged
destroyed Tacloban airport
How much rainfall?
400mm flooded 1km inland
What were issues with the response?
lack of medicine
wounds infected by dirty water
overcrowded hospitals
MSF had to bring in inflatable hospitals
lack of fuel
local government collapse due to official deaths
issues with aid distribution → 8 died in stampede for rice
survivors trapped and drowned in Tacloban stadium
Made difficult by widespread looting
How was relief restricted?
communication and power systems destroyed
flooding and landslides
How were mangroves affected?
10hc contaminated by an oil barge spill
How many crops were destroyed?
1.1 million tonnes - pushed up price for rice as $53mn worth destroyed
3/4 of farmers and fishermen lost income
rice prices rose by 11.9% in 2014
What was the total damage cost?
$2.9 billion, long term $12bn
How much foreign aid was pledged?
$1.5 bn
How did the UK help?
sent 2 navy ships with over 200,000 tonnes of aid
What is the no build zone?
area in Eastern Visayas where houses had to be built further back from the shoreline, protection with mangroves or infrastructure
build back better
How were mangroves managed?
ZSL ran a bottom up project to help restore 108hc of mangroves.
recycled bottles as buoys
replanting
Changes in response/preparation
new storm warning system
mangrove restoration
urban planning → avoid flood areas, good drainage
plans to build a 27km road dike on Tacloban shorelone at 4m above sea level to reduce storm surge impact
Note 
Flashcard (184)