13.1, 13.2 Air, Climate Change

composition

N2	__%
O2	__%
Ar, CO2, etc	1%

78, 21

Fractional Distillation of Liquid Air (industrial preparation of O₂)
>  L__ via c__ & cooling < b.p.
>  Liquid air allowed to w__ slowly; N₂ b__ off first
>  O₂ boils off after

liquified, compression, warm, boils

Pollutants in Air

Pollutant	Source	Effects
C__	i__ combustion of fuels	T__ gas
C__	c__ combustion of fuels	↑CO2 = ↑g__ warming = ↑c__ change

CO, incomplete, toxic, CO2, complete, global, climate

Pollutants in Air

Pollutant	Source	Effects
M__, CH4	D__ vegetation & w__ gases from digestion in a__	↑CH4 = ↑g__ warming = ↑climate change
O__ of N2	N2 & O2 at high t__ in c__ e__	A__ rain, petrochemical smog
O__ of _	C__ of fuels w/ S e.g. coal SO2 reacts w/ water in clouds: SO2(g) + H2O(l) → __(aq)	Acid r__ (H2SO3) R__ problems

methane, decomposing, waste, animals, global, oxides, temps, car engines, acid, oxides, S, combustion, h2so3, rain, respiratory

N₂ oxides in car engines are formed via
2__(g) + 3__(g)  2__(g) + 2NO₂(g)

N2, O2, NO

Catalytic Converter (for N₂ oxides)
Ø  As N₂ oxides form from high temp in car engines
1.   R__ N₂ oxides: 2NO → N₂ + O₂
2.   O__ CO: 2CO + O₂ → 2__
Full redox: 2CO + 2NO → 2CO₂ + N₂

reduce, oxidise, co2

Greenhouse gases
> C__, CH__, H__(g)
1. Short w__ radiation from S__ reaches Earth’s surface
2. Some thermal energy a__ & heats oceans/lands
3. Some thermal energy radiated by Earth as longer wavelength radiation
4. Greenhouse gases a__ some infrared radiation & re-e__ in all directions
5. Some infrared comes b__ to Earth’s surface = global w__

co2, ch4, h2o, wavelength, sun, absorbed, absorb, emit, back, warming

Reducing effects of climate change
> plant t__ ( = p__)
> decr. use of f__ f__ (use r__ energy instead)
> decr. l__ farming ( = decr. m__ emissions)

trees, photosynthesis, fossil fuels, renewable, livestock, methane