Phylum Annelida - Earthworms

Segmentation?

• Internal/External

• Movement

Coelomate?

• Coelomic Cavities (Fluid-filled body compartments)

• Hydrostatic Skeleton

Muscles?

Long Circular Muscles

• Used for Swimming and Burrowing

Digestion?

Complete Digestion

Symmetry?

Bilateral Symmetry

Cephalization?

Yes and has a distinct head with concentrated nerve tissue

Circulation?

Yes and it is Closed Circulation

Cuticle?

Yes and is made up of a protective, outer, non-cellular layer secreted by the epidermis, made of primarily tough, flexible collagen and sometimes lipids.

Nephridia?

Yes and it is a bladder and are the excretory organs that remove metabolic wastes and helps maintain fluid and ionic balance

Asexual Reprouction?

Yes includes Budding and Fission

Sexual Reproduction?

Yes includes

• Cross fertilization (For leeches and earthworms)

  • Monoecious

• Broadcast Spawn (For Polychaetas)

  • Dioecious

Parapodia?

Yes and is leshy, paired appendages on each body segment of many annelids, used for locomotion and respiration such as gas exchange

Setae?

Yes and it is stiff bristle-like structures that function as locomotion by anchoring and can be used as sensory perception

Clitellum?

Yes and it is a thickened, glandular (secretes mucus) section of the body wall, essential for reproduction do to it producing a viscous fluid that hardens into a tube like sac called a cocoon that carries the eggs and sperm (in earthworms) or just the fertilized eggs (in leeches)

Class Polychaeta - Lives in?

Salt water, intertidal, rocks/burrows

Class Polychaeta - Parapodia?

Yes and it is used for locomotion and respiration

Class Polychaeta - Setae?

Yes and is used for locomotion

Class Polychaeta - Clitellum?

None

Class Polychaeta - Asexual or Sexual Reproduction?

Sexual Reproduction, dioicous and is broadcast spawn

Class Polychaeta - Cephalization?

Yes and includes

• Peristomium (Head)

  • Vent Mouth

  • Pharynx (Jaws and Teeth)

  • 4 Pairs of Tentacles

• Prostomium (Bump)

  • 4 eyes

  • Pair of Tentacles

  • Pair of Palps (Highly adaptable, sensory appendages, near the head, acting as crucial feelers for sensing food, navigating environments, and sometimes directly helping to collect food particles, with functions varying from tactile sensing to generating water currents)

Class Polychaeta - (Nereis - Clamworm) Lifestyle?

Nocturnal using Burrowing

Class Polychaeta - (Nereis - Clamworm) Survival?

Free-living carnivore using Jaws

Class Polychaeta - (Nereis - Clamworm) Food Source?

In Algae Gardens which are herbs

Class Polychaeta - (Fireworm) Lifestyle?

Free-living and Nocturnal

Class Polychaeta - (Fireworm) Lives in?

Rocks

Class Polychaeta - (Fireworm) Setae?

Yes

Class Polychaeta - (Chaetopterus - Parchment Worm) Lives in?

Mud flat tubes that are made up of their mucus and surrounding sediment, provides a safe home and can be used for feeding

Class Polychaeta - (Chaetopterus - Parchment Worm) Type of feeding?

Suspension feeding

• Has 3 modified parapodia

Class Polychaeta - (Arenicola - Lugworm) Lives in?

Sandy Beach Burrow

Class Polychaeta - (Arenicola - Lugworm) Type of feeding?

Deposit Feeder

Class Polychaeta - (Arenicola - Lugworm) Excretion?

Coiled Castings (spaghetti-like or neatly spiraled piles of sand on the surface of the beach from it’s burrow. After ingesting large amounts of sand and digested organic matter and microorganisms)

Class Oligochaeta (Earthworms) - Lifestyle?

Nocturnal and is a detritivore (eats dead organic matter)

Class Oligochaeta (Earthworms) - Cephalization?

Yes it has red Cephalization

Class Oligochaeta (Earthworms) - Setae?

Yes

Class Oligochaeta (Earthworms) - Clitellum?

Yes

Class Oligochaeta (Earthworms) - Parapodia?

No

Class Oligochaeta (Earthworms) - Asexual or Sexual Reproduction and what type?

Sexual Reproduction, is monoecious and is cross fertilization

Class Hirudinea (Leeches) - Segments?

Yes and has 34 Segments

Class Hirudinea (Leeches) - Type of feeding?

Parasitic

Class Hirudinea (Leeches) - Suckers?

Yes had 2 vent suckers which are anterior and posterior suckers. Anterior suckers are around the mouth and are used for feeding and attachment and is also involved in locomotion. Posterior suckers are larger, muscular, disc-like structure at the tail end and are used for leveraging during feeding and general locomotion

Class Hirudinea (Leeches) - Eyespots?

Yes and are simple photoreceptive organs that are not complex, detect light intensity changes that helps sense predators, prey, or habitat shifts

Class Hirudinea (Leeches) - Clitellum?

Yes

Class Hirudinea (Leeches) - Parapodia?

None

Class Hirudinea (Leeches) - Setae?

None

Class Hirudinea (Leeches) - Hirudin?

Natural peptide in leeches in the salivary glands of blood sucking leeches that have a anticoagulant property. Used for thrombosis in surgery.

Annelid Dissection (Exterior) - Segments?

Yes

Annelid Dissection (Exterior) - Setae?

Yes

Annelid Dissection (Exterior) - Cuticle?

Yes

Annelid Dissection (Exterior) - Clitellum?

Yes

Annelid Dissection (Interior) - Coelomic Cavity?

Yes and has porous septal walls that are thin, internal, transverse tissue partitions that divide the main body cavity (coelom) into a series of repeating, compartmentalized segments along the length of the worm.

Annelid Dissection (Interior) - Cerebral Ganglion?

Yes and is paired clusters of nerve cells (neurons) in the "head" region that act as a simple brain, coordinating sensory input and motor responses like movement and reacting to light, touch, and chemicals

Annelid Dissection (Interior) - Ventral Nerve Cord (Connected to Ganglia)?

Yes and it is a crucial, ladder-like nervous structure running along the belly (ventral side) of the body, consisting of two fused cords with segmental ganglia (nerve clusters) in each segment. controlling coordinated muscle movements, locomotion, and processing sensory input from each body section.

Annelid Dissection (Interior) - Aortic Arches?

Yes and are five pairs of muscular, heart-like structures that pump blood through their closed circulatory system.

Annelid Dissection (Interior) - Seminal Receptacles?

Yes and are specialized storage organs that receive and hold sperm from another worm during mating, acting as a "sperm bank" for later fertilization of the worm's own eggs.

Annelid Dissection (Interior) - Seminal Vesicles?

Yes and are large, white, paired sacs that produce, store, and nourish sperm before mating

Annelid Dissection (Interior) - Dorsal Blood Vessel?

Yes and are major, muscular tubes running along the back (dorsal side) that pump blood from the posterior (tail) towards the anterior (head) as part of their closed circulatory system

Annelid Dissection (Complete Digestion) - Mouth?

Yes

Annelid Dissection (Complete Digestion) - Pharynx?

Yes and is a muscular, tube-like organ in the digestive system that acts as a suction pump to ingest food and pushes food towards the esophagus

Annelid Dissection (Complete Digestion) - Esophagus

Yes and is a muscular tube connecting the pharynx (throat) to the crop/gizzard, acting as a food passageway

Annelid Dissection (Complete Digestion) - Crop?

Yes and it is a temporary food storage sac located after the esophagus

Annelid Dissection (Complete Digestion) - Gizzard?

Yes and are a muscular organ in the digestive tract that physically grinds which act like teeth since they don’t have them

Annelid Dissection (Complete Digestion) - Intestine?

Yes and it is a long, vital tube running through the body where digested food is broken down further, nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream

Annelid Dissection (Complete Digestion) - Anus?

Yes and it is often called the pygidium or periproct, which expels waste from the food eaten. It's the exit point for undigested material after food moves from the mouth