7.5-7.6 APUSH vocab quiz

Allied Powers

A coalition of countries that opposed the Axis Powers during WWI, primarily consisting of the US, the UK, the Soviet Union, and China

Central Powers

A military alliance during WWI, primarily consisting of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria. They shared an interest in expanding their territories and asserting dominance in Europe and Beyond

Sussex Pledge

A statement by the Germans that they would not sink passenger ships without warning during WWI.

Zimmerman Telegram

An 1917 intercepted dispatch in which German foreign secretary Arthr Zimmerman urged Mexico to join the dnteral powers and promised that if the US entered the war, Germany would help Mexico recover Texas, NM, and Arizona

American Expeditionary Force

The United States armed forces sent to Europe during WWI, primarily commanded by General John J. Pershing. The AEF played a crucial role in the final offensives of the war, bringing fresh troops and resources that helped turn the tide against the central powers

Fourteen Points

A set of principles proposed by Wilson in 1918 as a basis for peace negotiations to end WWI, these points emphasized self-determination, open diplomacy, free trade, and the establishment of a league of nations to ensure lasting peace

Big Four

The four most important leaders, and the most important ones at the paris peace conference. Woodrow Wilson- USA, David lloyd George- UK, George Clemenceau- France, and Vittorio Orlando- Italy

Self Determination

The right of a people to assert its own national identity or from of government without outside influence

League of Nations

The first organization of its kind aimed at promoting international cooperation and preventing war. Despite its ambitious goals, the leauge lacked enforcement power, as it could not compel member states to act against aggressors or resolve disputes effectively

Henry Cabot Lodge

a republican who disagreed with the Versailles treaty, and who was the chairman of the senate Foreign Relations Committee. He mostly disagreed with the section that called for the league to protect a member who was being threatened

Irreconcilable

Senators, mostly republicans, who opposed the Treaty of Versailles regardless of any reservations or not.

Reservationist

a group led by Henry Cabot Lodge that were in favor of the treaty of versailles but only after a series of changes

7.6-

Food Administration

a government agency established during WWI, responsible for regulating the production and distribution of food to support the war effort

Railroad Administration

A government agency established during WWi to oversee the nations railroads and ensure their efficient operation in support of the war effort

National War Labor Board

A composition of representatives from business and labor designed to arbitrate disputes between workers and employers.

Liberty Bonds

A war bond that was sold in the U.S. to support the allied cause in WWI. Subscribing to the bonds became a symbol of patriotic duty in the US and introduced the idea of financial securities to many citizens for the first time

Committee on Public Information

established during WWI to turn every channel of communication and education to promote the war effort. The committee marshaled agencies of the press, education, and advertising, among others into wartime service for the committee

Espionage Act

a federal legislature enacted in 1917, which criminalizes and punishes espionage, spying and related crimes. The act prohibits not only spying but also various other activities including certain kinds of expression.

Sedition Act

Made it a crime to publish false, scandalous, or malicious writing against the government, targeting mainly opposition newspapers and journalists. These acts were seen as an attempt by the federalists to silence their political opponents and maintain control amid fears of war with France

Schenck vs. US

A landmark supreme court case from 1919 that established the “clear and present danger” test for determining when speech could be limited under the first amendment

Selective Service Act

a law that gave the US federal government the right to raise a national army through conscription. This law was in force between 1917 and 1918, it was passed to ensure sufficient number of American soldiers during the First World War

Great Migration

The mass movement of African Americans from the rural Southern United States to urban areas in the North and West between 1916 and 1970

Red Scare

The intense fear of communism and radical leftist ideologies that swept through the US the early 20th century, particularly after WWI and during the late 1940s and early 1950s

Palmer Raids

a series of government actions conducted in 1919 and 1920 aimed at arresting and deporting radical leftists, especially anarchists and communists, in the united states