Gas Exchange Crash Course

CF = ____ percautions

contact

Cystic Fibrosis

-Sweat chloride test is gold standard for diagnosis

-Sweat chloride > 60 mEq/L = Positive (> 3 months)

- > 40 mEq/L = Positive (< 3 months)

-A 2nd test is obtained to confirm dx in another location

With asthma focus on ____.

prevention

Respiratory tract differences in children

-Short eustachian tubes

-large tongue

-laxity due to underdeveloped cartilage

PAT Triangle tool assesses what three things?

-Appearance

-Work of breathing

-Circulation to skin

Humidification for ____

trachs

NO SOUNDS/silent breathing- could mean trach tube is ____.

obstructed

•Tracheostomy tubes should be changed every __ to __ weeks or as needed to prevent obstruction and complications

1 to 2 weeks

If no relief after trach suctioning, ____ the trach.

CHANGE

MDI Instructions

Must teach proper technique (Shake, Prime, Hold Breath)Inhaled corticosteroids can cause fungal infections of oral cavity, MUST rinse mouth after use

CF Chest Physiotherapy

- Before or one hour after meals and bedtime

- Give bronchodilators and nebulizers first

Pertussis - "Whooping Cough"

Spreads via droplet and has 3 stages - Wear a surgical mask within 3 feet of the patient

Tonsillectomy

-Monitor for bleeding (frequent swallowing notify provider)

-Pain control

-Positioning - elevate HOB

-Patent IV

-When to notify MD - Temps >38.8 (102) & Bleeding (frequent swallowing)

S/S of hypoxemia in the infant

-tachypnea, w/ grunting

-cyanosis)

-nasal flaring

-chest retractions

-lethargy

-poor or absent cry

One of the first signs of respiratory distress in infants is tachypnea especially with ____.

grunting

Covid diagnosis

Nasopharyngeal swab most reliable diagnosis

Cold vs Flu

Cold

- Symptoms are mild

- Causes mild fatigue

- Onset is gradual

Flu

- Symptoms are severe

- Muscle or body aches throughout the body

- Onset is sudden

Both

- Caused by viruses

- Stuffy nose, coughing, and sore throat

- Respiratory infection

Proper use of peak flow meter

1.Move the marker to the bottom of the numbered scale.

2.Stand up straight.

3.Take a deep breath. ...

4.Hold your breath while you place the mouthpiece in your mouth, between your teeth. ...

5.Blow out as hard and fast as you can in a single blow. ...

6.Write down the number you get.

7.Repeat 2 more times and average for personal best.

Peak Flow Monitor Ranges

Green Zone-

80-100%

Yellow Zone-

50-79%

Red Zone-

Below 50%

Croup Treatment

-Tx: high humidity w/cool mist,

-Reduced stridor suggests treatment effective

Epiglottitis

-Protect/Maintain Airway- DO NOT INSERT TONGUE BLADE TO VIEW BACK OF PHARYNX -Prepare for Intubation, Humidified oxygen

-Droplet Precautions for forst 24hrs after IV abx initiated

Epiglotittis S/S

S/S: High fever, Absence of cough, EXCESSIVE DROOLING, Tripod position, Inspiratory stridor

Flu treatment

-Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) ok for treatment in children older than 1 year who have been symptomatic 48 HOURS OR

-droplet precaution

Green zone: Maintenance zone

Symptoms well-controlled, controller medications taken regularly to help prevent asthma symptoms

Yellow zone: Warning zone

Asthma symptoms begin to flare up due to exposure to trigger or illness; begin using rescue med 2 puffs q 4-6 hrs PRN for acute symptoms, may also need higher dose of controller medication and/or course of systemic corticosteroids

•Red zone: Danger zone

Medications NOT working, difficult to breath or talk; seek treatment ASAP! Take SABA rescue med 2-4 puffs Q 20 minutes x3 if severe bronchoconstriction or status asthmaticus. Proceed to ER if symptoms not improving!!