allogeneic transfusion
Uses donated blood in a transfusion, that must be of a compatible blood type.
anticoagulant
slows clotting/coagulation and prevents new clots from forming.
antigen
any substance that the body regards as being foreign
aplastic anemia
condition characterized by an absence of all formed blood elements caused by the failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow.
autologous transfusion
Uses the patient's own blood in a transfusion, instead of blood from a donor.
basophils
formed in red bone marrow, are the least common type of WBCs.
coagulation
the process of blood clotting, or the formation of a blood clot.
coagulopathy
also known as a bleeding disorder, occurs when the blood's ability to coagulate is impaired.
comprehensive metabolic panel
(CMP), a screening tool that provides information about the state of the body's metabolism by measuring fourteen different substances in the blood.
decompression sickness
(DCS), also called the bends, is a potentially fatal condition that can occur as a result of deep-sea diving or unpressurized air travel.
direct antiglobulin test
(DAT)(direct Coombs test), used to investigate possible hemolytic transfusion reaction or whether a fetus or newborn has a hemolytic disease.
eosinophils
formed in red bone marrow and then migrate to tissues throughout the body
erythrocyte
mature red blood cells produced by the red bone marrow
erythropoietin
(EPO) a hormone produced in the kidneys that promotes production of erythrocytes in the bone marrow.
fibrin
aids in blood clotting and the formation of a scab to help the wound heal
fibrinogen
clotting proteins found in plasma (and prothrombin)
globulins
a group of proteins in the blood that play an important role in the immune system
granulocytes
Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are called granulocytes because they have small granules containing proteins
hematologist
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating abnormalities, diseases, and disorders of the blood and blood-forming tissues.
hematopoiesis
the formation of blood cells
hematocrit
(HCT) is the percentage of the blood that is made up of red blood cells
hemoglobin
oxygen-carrying blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes
hemolysis
the process of breaking down erythrocytes
hemolytic anemia
am inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to the premature destruction of red blood cells by the spleen
hemophilia
a hereditary bleeding disorder in which a blood-clotting factor is missing
hemostasis
balance,to stop or control bleeding
hemorrhage
the loss of a large amount of blood in a short time
heparin
a common anticoagulant
hereditary spherocytosis
a genetic disorder that causes the red blood cells to be spherical rather than flat
immunoglobulins
help the body attack and kill germs (antibodies)
leukemia
type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes found in blood-forming tissues, other organs, and the circulating blood.
leukocytes
(WBCs), blood cells involved in supporting the immune system in defense against infective organisms and foreign substances.
leukopenia
decrease in the number of disease-fighting leukocytes circulating in the blood
lipoprotein panel blood test
(lipid panel), requires that a patient fast for 8-12 hours before the blood is drawn.
lymphocytes
(lymphoid cells), leukocytes that are formed in bone marrow that produce antibodies that specifically target foreign substances in the body.
megakaryocytes
the large cells in the bone marrow that produce platelets
monocytes
formed in the red bone marrow, liver, and spleen. They are the largest type of white blood cells.
multiple myeloma
a type of cancer that occurs in blood-making plasma cells found in the red bone marrow
neutropenia
the presence of few neutrophils in the blood, usually as a result of cancer treatment
neutrophils
formed in the red bone marrow, are the most common type of WBCs
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
(NHL), the more common type, refers to all lymphomas other than Hodgkin’s lymphoma
pancytopenia
a condition that is characterized by lower-than-normal quantities of erythrocytes leukocytes, and platelets
pernicious anemia
caused by a lack of the protein intrinsic factor (IF) that helps the body absorb vitamin B12 from the GI tract
phagocytes
cells that play role in the immune system’s defense against pathogens by engulfing and consuming pathogens
phlebotomist
medical professional who draws blood from patients for labs and other procedures
plasma
a straw-colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones, and waste products
plasmapheresis
removal of blood plasma by drawing blood, then separating the blood into its cellular elements
platelets
(thrombocytes), the smallest formed elements of the blood
prothrombin time
(PT), a blood coagulation test used to diagnose conditions associated with abnormalities of clotting time and to monitor anticoagulant therapy
reticulocytes
red blood cells that have just been released from the bone marrow
Rh factor
defines the presence of absence of the Rh antigen on red blood cells
sepsis
a potentially life-threatening infection that results from bacteria/infectious organisms entering the bloodstream
serum
clear, pale-yellow plasma fluid that remains after the blood cells and clotting proteins have been removed
sickle cell anemia
(SCA) the most common form of a group of blood disorders known as sickle cell disease.
thalassemia
inherited blood disorder that causes mild or severe anemia due to reduced hemoglobin
therapeutic plasma exchange
(TPE) some of the patient’s own blood is circulated through a device that removes the disease-causing antibodies in plasma and replaces them with donor plasma and/or a plasma substitute
thrombocytes
Platelets, are the smallest formed elements of the blood
thrombocytopenia
a condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood
transfusion reaction
a potentially fatal complication of a blood transfusion in which a response occurs because the patient’s blood and the donated blood do not match.
Von Willebrand disease
(VWD), the most common genetic bleeding disorder, impacts women more than men
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