Biology 426 Mid-Term Review

This set of flashcards includes key vocabulary terms and definitions related to topics covered in the Biology 426 mid-term review.

Erythrocytes

Red blood cells that carry oxygen throughout the body.

Neutrophils

A type of white blood cell important in fighting infections.

Eosinophils

White blood cells involved in allergic reactions and combating parasitic infections.

Lymphocytes

Type of white blood cell that plays a significant role in the immune response.

Monocytes

Large white blood cells that differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells.

Plasma

The liquid component of blood that makes up 55% of its volume, containing water, proteins, and other substances.

Thrombocytes

Also known as platelets, these are small cell fragments crucial for blood clotting.

Hemoglobin

The protein in red blood cells responsible for transporting oxygen.

Serum

The liquid part of blood that remains after clotting factors have been removed from plasma.

Thrombosis

The formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel.

Hypoxia

A condition of deficient oxygen supply to tissues.

Ischemia

Insufficient blood supply to an organ or tissue.

Infarction

Tissue damage due to obstruction of blood supply.

Necrosis

Tissue death due to injury or lack of blood supply.

Leukemia

A group of cancers that affect blood-forming tissues.

Polycythemia vera

A condition characterized by the overproduction of red blood cells.

Essential Thrombocytosis

A condition involving the overproduction of platelets.

Myelodysplastic syndrome

A group of disorders caused by poorly formed or dysfunctional blood cells.

Hemophilia

A genetic disorder that affects the blood’s ability to clot.

Coagulopathy

A condition in which the blood's ability to coagulate (clot) is impaired.

Thrombophilia

An increased tendency to form blood clots.

Bacteremia

The presence of bacteria in the blood.

Sepsis

A life-threatening condition caused by the body's response to infection.

Viremia

The presence of viruses in the blood.

Splenomegaly

Enlargement of the spleen.

Anemia

A condition in which the blood does not have enough healthy red blood cells.

Sideroblasts

Red blood cell precursors that show iron deposition in mitochondria.

Hemolysis

The breakdown of red blood cells.

Auer rods

Cytoplasmic inclusions seen in leukemic blasts.

G6PD deficiency

A genetic disorder affecting red blood cell metabolism.

Non-immune mediated hemolytic anemia

Hemolytic anemia caused by external factors, not the immune system.

Hemoglobin H disease

A severe form of alpha thalassemia causing abnormal hemoglobin.

Beta Thalassemia

A blood disorder reducing the production of hemoglobin.

Thalassemias

A group of inherited disorders characterized by reduced hemoglobin production.