Pharm Chapter 6 Opiods/ Narcotic

Opioids act on

a. CNS

b. PNS

CNS

Morphine is the prototype of opiod

Prototype where all opiods are measures

• anaglesia

• drowsines

• mood changes

• mental clouding without loss of conciousness

heroin is __ more potent than morphine and more rapidly addicting

3x

patients develope tolerance and depends on opiods ( T or F )

True

Opiods are fedderally restricted as potential for abuse ( T or F )

True

Most opiods are schedule

a. I

b. II

c. III

d. IV

b. II

Some weaker opiods ( III-V )

Codeine, hydrocodone, dextromethorphan

Opiods compete with endogenous substances like

Peptides

Enekphalins

Endorphins

Dynorphins

The 3 opiod receptorss are

MU : Endorphins

Kappa : Dynophrins

Delta : Enkephallins

Where are endorphins ( MU ) produces from ..

Hypothalamus & pituitary gland

• Mixed agonist

Kappa , Dynophrins are found arround pain nerve endings ( T or F )

True

Dynorphins produce what effects…

Sedation and euphoria

alagesia

Delta , Enkephalins are produced in …

CNS / PNS

Naloxone is an antagonist and blocks all 3 receptor used for OD

Opiods must go through phase 1 & II first ( T or F )

opiod allergy is common ( T or F )

false

Respiratory depresion causes of death in OD

true

Stimulation of CTZ causes

Nausea and Emesis

Miosis in OD of opiods

Most common effects by opioids include mental confusion, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention. 

Full agonist

Morphine 10g only hosptials

Methadone help wean ppl off

Meperdine weaker than morphoine 75g = 10g morphine

Oxtcodeone / hydrocodone

Fentanyl

Oxycodone + Ibuprofen =

Combunox

Oxycodone + aspirin =

percodon

oxycodone can combo and be used with NSAIDS , aspirin and acetaminophe ( T or F )

True

Fentanyl is used during genral anesthesia and used for severe chronic pain

Which is the most common opiod used in dentistry ?

Codeine

What sceduele drug is codein ?

III = less potential for abuse

120mg of codeine = 10 mg of morphone

list the ammt of mg for the number of codeine

#2, #3, #4

#2-15mg

#3= 30mg

#4= 60mg

Codeine is added into cough syrups as an antiissuive ( T or F )

T

Codeine is ussaly combined with

a. Acetominophen

b. aspirin

c.NSAIDs

A

Dextrometoprhan is an ….

antitussive

no analgesia

Diphenoxylate ( lomotil ) is used as an

antidiarrheal ( Combo with atropine )

tramadol has cns and Opiod activity its not a controled substance

it can cause neurotoxicity

Pentazocine

only mixed for oral used ( agonist - antagonist )

Mixed opiod examples

Pentazocine ( Only mixed for oral use )

butirohanol ( Nasal spray for migraines )

bupreonorphine ( narcotic withdraw drug )

Full antagonist

Naloxone ( Used for OD )

Naltrexone ( alcholol or oipoid dependence )

Embeda treats pain without euphoric feelings