PICLEC Module 2: Group IB & IIB

Group IB

Coinage Metals

Cu, Ag, Au

Noble metals

Coinage Metals

slowly oxidizes in air; malleable and ductile

Ag > Cu > Au

Order for Electrical Conductivity

Ag > Au > Cu

Order of heat conducitivity

Oligodynamic effect

toxic effect of metals on microbes

Cu

Element symbol of Copper

Cuprum

derived from Cyprus

Cu⁺² Salts

burns blue to emerald green

Cu Ion

ion that acts as a catalyst for storage and release of iron

Menke’s Disease

Cu deficiency

Wilson’s Disease

Cu toxicity; Hepatolenticular degeneration

British Anti-Lewisite / Dimercaprol and Penicillamine

Antidote for Cu toxicity

Brass

Cu alloy; Cu + Zn

Bronze

Cu alloy; Cu + Sn

German Silver

Cu alloy; Cu + Zn + Ni

Sterling

Cu alloy; Cu+ Ag

C₆H₄Cu2O7

Formula of Cupric Citrate

Astringent and Antiseptic

Therapeutic use of Cupric Citrate

Cupric Sulfate

Blue vitriol or blue stone

Fehling’s solution and Benedict’s solution

solution used to detect reducing sugars

Antidote for Phosphorus poisoning

Cupric Sulfate

CuSO₄

Formula of Cupric Sulfate

Barfoed’s Agent

test for reducing sugars

Cu(CH₃COO)₂

Formula of Cupric acetate

Basic Cupric acetate

aka green verdigris

Cupric Hydrogen Arsenite

aka Scheele’s mineral or swedish green

AsCuHO₃

Formula of cupric hydrogen arsenite

C₂H₃As₃Cu₂O₈

Formula of Cupric acetoarsenite

Cupric acetoarsenite

aka Paris green or Parrot green

Insecticide

Use of Cupric acetoarsenite

Bordeaux mixture

Mixture of CuSO_4, 5H₂O, and CaO

Algaecide and fungicide for swimming pools

use of Bordeaux Mixture

Argentum

Latin for shining

Silver

White metal with metallic luster

Ag

Element symbol of Silver

Ag Ion

protein precipitant

Antiseptic and astringent

therapeutic use of silver

irritant and corrosive

behavior of silver

Arygyria

Darkening of skin due to prolonged used of silver

AgNO₃

Formula of Silver Nitrate

Howe’s solution

Ammoniacal silver nitrate solution

Silver Nitrate Pencil

aka caustic pencil or lunar caustic; used to destroy unwanted tissue i.e. wart

Eye antiseptic

therapeutic use of silver nitrate

19-23% Ag

concentration of silver in Mild silver protein

Milde silver protein

aka mild protargin

Mild antiseptic (ex. Silvol & Argyrol)

therapeutic use of mild silver protein

7.5% - 8.5% Ag

concentration of silver in Strong protein silver

Strong protein silver

aka strong protargin

Stronger antiseptic (ex. Protargol)

therapeutic use of Strong protein silver

antiseptic

Therapeutic use of silver chloride and iodide

AgCl

formula of silver chloride

AgI

formula of SIlver iodide

C₁₀H₉AgN₄O₂S

Formula of Silver sulfadiazine

prophylaxis

action taken to prevent disease

Treatment of infections in burn wounds

Therapeutic use of silver sulfadiazine

Antiseptic and photography

use of silver bromide

AgBr 

Formula of Silver Bromide

Co absorbent

use of silver oxide

Ag₂O

Formula of silver oxide

Silver picrate

aka picragol or picrotol

C₆H₂AgN₃O₇

Formula of Silver picrate

Aurum

latin deriving from shining dawn or aurora

Gold

King of all metals; universal symbol of highest purity and value; most malleable and ductile metal

Selenic acid

only acid that can dissolve gold

Aqua regia

best reagent for dissolving gold; mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid

24-carat or 1000 fine

Considered as pure gold

Gilding and plating

use of gold

Chrysotheraphy

treatment of diseases with gold compounds; disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)

Sodium aurothiomalate

commonly used gold based DMARD

C₄H₃AuNa₂O₄S

Formula of Sodium aurothiomalate

Auranofin

gold drug for RA

C₂₀H₃₄AuO₉P

formula of auranofin

Gold 198

Radioactive isotope

Anticancer

therapeutic use of gold 198

IV treatment of Lupus arythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis

therapeutic use of gold and sodium thiosulfate complex

Na₂O₃S₂ 

Formula of Sodium Thiosulfate

Group IIB

Zinc group

Zinc

burns with bluish-white flame

Galvanizing iron (anti-corrosion) and in batteries

use of zinc metal

Zn

Element symbol of Zinc

Protein precipitant, astringent, mild antiseptic, and adjuvant in insulin prep

use of Zn⁺² ion

NaHCO₃

Antidote for Zinc Poisoning

Parakeratosis

Zinc deficiency

Astringent and mild antiseptic

therapeutic use of zinc acetate

C₄H₆O₄Zn

formula of zinc acetate

Mouthwash, embalming, and escharotic

use of Zinc chloride

Cl₂Zn

formula of Zinc chloride

I₂Zn

antiseptic; formula of zinc iodide

Diluted Talbot’s solution

Iodine and Zinc oxide glycerite; antideptic and astringent

Zinc oxide

aka zinc white or chinese white; antiseptic and astringent

ointment, duct tape, and pigment

use of zinc oxide

OZn 

formula od zinc oxide

Calamine

98% ZnO + 2% ferric oxide; ointment for skin diseases

Zinc eugenol cement

70% ZnO; dental filler

Zinc oxide paste

aka lassar’s plain zinc paste

unna’s hard zinc paste

Zinc oxide hard paste

Medicinal Zinc Peroxide

powder used in controlling surgical infections

Zinc stearate

dusting powder; antiseptic and astringent

C₃₆H₇₀O₄Zn

formula of Zinc stearate