APUSH Unit 3

French and Indian War

Part of the 7 Years War, took place in the Ohio River Valley. GB fights France and Indians. George Washington fights. Started as fight over Fort Duquense

Albany Congress

colonists discuss defense, trade, Westward expansion. Iroquois Confederacy makes an appearance.

Albany Plan of Union

Ben Frank draws “join or die.” Shows it at Albany Congress. Rejected.

Impressment

GB forces colonist men to join the Navy

Peace of Paris 1763

Spain gives Florida to GB, France ousted from N America, Spain gets ex-French land W of Mississippi River. Ohio river valley given to GB

Pontiac

Native American leader gets mad at colonist encroachment, raids Virginia and Pennsylvania forts. Results in Proclamation Line of 1763

Salutary neglect

Blind eye to smuggling

Grenville’s Plan

Quartering Act of 1765–troops stay in colonies, colonists must house them

Sugar Act

Taxing of luxury items, such as wine or sugar or molasses

Stamp Act 1765

ALL paper is taxes

Currency Act

No more printing your own currency

No taxation without representation

Enlightenment thinkers: John Locke Rousseau Voltair, Kant

Virtual representation

They represent all British classes

Sons and Daughtes of Liberty

Grassroots

Stamp Act Congress

Petition to GB Parliament to repeal Stamp Act. Worked, repealed Stamp an Sugar but Parliament passed Declatory Act as well

Townsend Acts

Paper, tea, glass—imports. Leads to high boycotts

Boston Massacre

Boy throw snowballs and stones a British soldiers, someone fires a gun, now massacre. John Adams helps em out

Boston Tea Party

Son’s of Liberty violent response to Tea Act. Results in Intolerable/Coercive Acts (no more trade in the Boston Harbor + quartering)

Continental Congress

What do abt GB tyranny? Colonies all meet except GA

Enlightenment ideals

John Locke—consent of governed, natural rights, self-rule

Jean-Jacques Rousseau—social contract w/ government

Montesquieu—republicanism, 3 branches, checks and balances

Common Sense

Thomas Paine uses Enlightenment to reach lower-middle class citizens

2nd Conentinenal Congress

Thomas Jefferson writes the Dec of Independence

Nancy Hart Georgia

Shoots GB soldiers after they eat her food. Republic motherhood fr

US-inspired Revolutions

Haitian Rev, French Rev, Latin American Revs

Articles of Confederation 1781

Legislative Branch gets all the power. There is no executive or judicial branch

Northwestern Ordinance 1787

Abolished slavery in NW, shows how Westin territories become states

Shay’s Rebellion

Farmers return from Revolutionary War, cannot get debt relief from gov’t. Daniel Shays leads a rebellion w/ militia, Massachusetts militia puts them down easily.

Constitutional Convention

James Madison, Alexander Ham decide to make new doc. Virginia Plan—bicameral, populations based legislative. New Jersey Plan—unicameral, all same representation. Great Compromise.

3/5 Compromise. Slavery ban put off til 1808.

Ratification

Fedralists—J Mad, Alex Ham, John Jay write Federalist Papers.

Anti-fedralists get them to write the Bill of Rights

Constituion

Federalism—share power between state and National.

Surpremacy Clause—enumerated powers mean that federal overrides state

10th Amendment—states can do what they want when fed says nothing abt it

Separation of Powers—3 branches, veto power

George Washington

Establishes War department, treasury department (Alex Ham w/ the National Bank, elastic claus), state department, justice department.

Cabinet

Proclamation of Neutrality

Washington says we won’t get involved with France.

Jay’s Treaty

Washington sends John Jay to stop GB from fighting US ships—John Jay comes back with GB land

Pinckney Treaty 1795

US and Spain r fighting over territory, agree that US New Orleans trade post but Spain Gets everything else along 31st parallel

Whiskey Rebellion

Congress taxes whiskey. Like Shays’ Rebellion, but US gov’t had power to put it down

Fedralists vs Anti-Fedralists

Fedralists—led by Alexander Hamilton, want strong central gov’t, urban and elite.

Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, states rights and agricultural

Washington’s Farewell Address

Beware entanglements w/ Europe, beware political parties

XYZ Affair

France seizes US trade ships going to GB, John Adams send people to discuss it w/ France, but Frenchmen bribe anonymity

Alien and Sedition Acts

Can imprison and deport any noncitizen. Aimed at Irish and Scottish. Also can’t criticize gov’t.

Leads to Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions—say states can nullify any laws that go beyond powers not explicit in Constituion

Judith Sargent Murray

Claims that women should be able to be completely independent from men

American Art

Charles Wilson Peale, Samuel Jennings, John Trumbull, Monticello, Poor Richard’s Almanack

Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom

Defines separation between church and state

Navigation Acts

Can only trade w/ GB—leads to a lot of smuggling