STS ( Cradles of early science)

brahmasphutasiddhanta and khandakhadyaka

brahmagupta’s 2 mathematical works

Maya civilization

indigenous people of Mexico and Central america

Maya civilization

designation from Yucatan city of mayapan

Quiche, Yucatec

Maya civilizations call themselves what from the south and what from the north

Maya civilization

advanced understanding about celestial bodies; by predicting eclipse and using astrological cycles; uses 2 complicated calendar method to measure time

Inca civilization

roads paved with stone; irrigation system

Inca civilization

calendar 12 months to mark their religion festival and when to crop

Quipu

the first suspension bridge; system of knotted ropes to keep records that only experts can interpret

Inca civilizations - textiles

cloth was specially prized artistic achievement

Aztec civilization

substantial contributions to science and technology

chinampa

technology for agricultural farming; land is divided into rectangular areas and surrounded canals

Aztec calendar

enabled them to plan their activities, ritual and planting season

invention of canoe

light water boat used for traveling in water system

india

manufactures iron; metallurgical works; famous in medicine; astronomy

ayurveda

system of traditional medicine before 2500 BC

susruta samhita

different surgical and other medical procedures

Siddhanta shiromani

mean longitudes; true longitudes; syzgues; lunar eclipse

Indus valley civilization

tries to standardized measurement of length to a high degree of accuracy; mohenjodaro ruler

aryabhata

number of trigonometric functions tables and techniques; algorithms of algebra

Brahmagupta

"zero" as a placeholder; Hindu Arabic numeral system

Madhava of Sangamagrama

founder of mathematical analysis

china

contributor in medicine, astronomy, science, mathematics, arts, philosophy, and music

china

first seusmological detector

middle east

common language is arabic;

Ibn al-Haytham

Muslim scientist; father of optics; introversion theory of light

Muhammad Ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi

the concept of algorithm; mathematics; algebra was derived from al-jabr

Ibn Sina

pioneered the science of experimental medicine; 1st physician who held clinical trials

book of healing and the Canon of medicine

standard medicinal text in Muslim and Europe during 17th century

the ancient Egyptian civilization

made significant advances in the fields of astronomy, Mathematics, and medicine

geometry

to preserve the layout and ownership of farmlands of the Egyptians along Nile river

center of alchemy (africa)

forerunner of alchemy; human anatomy and pharmacology

astronomy in africa

lunar, solar, and stellar

lebombo bone

oldest know mathematical artifact dated from 35000 bc

egyptians

good in the 4 fundamental mathematical operations and other mathematical skills

metallurgy

invented metalt pols used in their homes, in agriculture, and in building their magnificent architectures

pyramid at chichen itza in mexico

is situated at the location of the Sun during the spring and fall equinoxes