SOCR 240 Endopedons and Epipedons

Anthropic (A)

Anthropic (A)

Epipedon: human transported/modified materials, with artfacts, or high phosphorous or puddled conditions

Folistic (O)

Epipedon: organic horizon saturated for less than 30 days per normal year

Histic (O)

Epipedon: very high in organic content, wet during some part of the year

Melanic (A)

Epipedon: Thick, black, high in organic matter (>6% organic carbon), common in volcano ash soils

Mollic (A)

Epipedon: Thick, dark-colored, high base saturation, well-developed structure

Ochric (A)

Epipedon: Too light-colored, low organic content and thin, may be hard and massive when dry

Plaggen (A)

Epipedon: himan-made sod-like horizon created by years of manuring, often with artifacts and spade marks

Umbric (A)

Epipedon: similar to mollic except low base saturation

Agric (A or B)

Endopedon: organic and clay accumulation just below plow layer resulting from cultivation

Albic (E)

Endopedon: Light-colored, clay and iron and aluminum oxides mostly removed

Anhydritic (By)

Endopedon: Accumulation of anhydrite (CaSO4)

Argillic (Bt)

Endopedon: Silicate clay accumulation

Calcic (Bk)

Endopedon: Accumulation of carbonates of calcium and/or Magnesium

Cambic (Bw, Bg)

Endopedon: Altered by physical movement, structure development, or by chemical reactions, generally nonilluvial

Duripan (Bqm)

Endopedon: Hard pan, strongly cemented by silica

Fragipan (Bx)

Endopedon: Brittle pan, usually loamy textured, dense, coarse prisms

Glossic (E)

Endopedon: Whitish eluvial horizon that tongues into a Bt horizon

Gypsic (By)

Endopedon: Accumulation of gypsum

Kandic (Bt)

Endopedon: Accumulation of low-activity clays

Natric (Btn)

Endopedon: Argillic, high in sodium, columnar or prismatic structure

Oxic (Bo)

Endopedon: highly weathered, primarily mixture of Fe, Al oxides and nonsticky-type silicate clays

Petrocalcic (Ckm)

Endopedon: cemented calcic horizon

Petrogypsic (Cym)

Endopedon: Cemented gypsic horizon

Placic (Csm)

Endopedon: thin pan cemented with iron alone or with manganese and organic matter

Salic (Bz)

Endopedon: accumulation of salts

Sombric (Bh)

Endopedon: organic matter accumulation

Spodic (Bh, Bs)

Endopedon: organic matter, Fe and Al oxide accumulation

Sulfuric (Cj)

Endopedon: highly acid with Jarosite mottles