RPH MIDTERMS REVIEWER

A comprehensive vocabulary flashcards set for reviewing key concepts related to the study of history, its importance, the roles of historians, and significant events.

Why study history?

To understand the past, present, and shape the future.

Rizal's words on history

Knowing the past is important for understanding society's current state.

What is history?

The scientific investigation of the past, including memory, discovery, collection, and analysis.

Chronological record

A significant events log arranged by time with explanations and causes.

Constantino's definition of history

A recorded struggle of people for freedom and human development.

Filipino meaning of history (Kasaysayan)

A meaningful narrative that goes beyond just a story.

Who is a historian?

A person who studies, analyzes, interprets, and writes history.

Primary sources

Firsthand, original accounts created during the time of the event.

Examples of primary sources

Diaries, letters, photographs, autobiographies, official documents.

Secondary sources

Interpretations based on primary sources.

Examples of secondary sources

Textbooks, research articles, documentaries.

What is historiography?

The method of writing history based on examining sources and synthesizing narratives.

What does internal criticism examine?

The credibility and truth of the content of a source.

What does external criticism examine?

The authenticity of a document.

Cavite Mutiny date

January 20, 1872.

GOMBURZA members

Fr. Mariano Gomez, Fr. Jacinto Zamora, Fr. Jose Burgos.

Who led the Cavite Mutiny?

Sergeant Lamadrid.

Consequences of the Cavite Mutiny

Execution of GOMBURZA, exile of Filipino patriots.

Retraction letter controversy

Debate on authenticity of Rizal's retraction statement before execution.

Purpose of the retraction letter

To reconcile with the Catholic Church and retract criticisms.

First Mass date in the Philippines

March 31, 1521.

Magellan's departure date

September 20, 1519.

Treaty of Tordesillas year

1494.

Importance of the Treaty of Tordesillas

To prevent conflict between Spain and Portugal over new lands.

Historical significance of Limasawa

Contested site of the first mass.

Who proposed the Westward route to Moluccas?

Ferdinand Magellan.

Who financed Magellan's expedition?

King Charles I of Spain.

What did historians interpret the Cavite Mutiny as?

A major conspiracy against Spanish rule.

Filipino perspective on the Cavite Mutiny

A simple mutiny driven by unfair labor policies.

Magellan's fleet consisted of how many ships?

Five ships.

Historical sources repositories

Institutions preserving historical documents.

National Library of the Philippines location

Rizal Park, Manila.

Significance of Rizal's annotations on Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas

Showed pre-colonial Filipino civilization.

Key to understanding change in history

Analyzing past events and societal transformations.

Moral understanding from history

Learning right and wrong from past actions.

Why appreciate history?

To understand ourselves and our society better.

What challenges did Magellan's expedition face?

Food shortages, storms, and rebellions.

Geographical proximity's role in the First Mass debate

Distance calculations support claims of site location.

What did Albo's account support?

The Limasawa claim.

Five-point evidence for Limasawa

Route consistency, geographical features, and distance matching.

Internal criticism checks for what?

The truth and accuracy of historical content.

External criticism checks for what?

The authenticity of historical documents.

Legarda Commission conclusion

Limasawa as the site of the first mass.

Symbol of revolution in Pugad Lawin

Tearing of cedulas by Katipuneros.

Cry of Pugad Lawin significance

Marks the official start of the Philippine Revolution.

Importance of Cedula in history

Symbol of Spanish authority and oppression.

August 23, 1896 significance

Date of the first cry for revolution.

Andres Bonifacio's title

Supremo ng Katipunan.

What does history reveal about power dynamics?

Insights on manipulation and bias in narratives.

Argument for Rizal's retraction existence

Document found in Jesuit archives.

Counterarguments against Rizal's retraction

Conflicting dates and potential forgery.

How did the Spaniards describe the Cavite Mutiny?

A major rebellion threatening Spanish authority.

Why is historical analysis important?

To prevent manipulation of events and understand context.

Bonifacio's call to action significance

Demonstrated leadership and urgency in the revolution.

Writing history involves which skills?

Analyzing sources, historical context, and narrative development.

Who endorsed Limasawa's claim as the First Mass site?

The Philippine government.

Historical narrative interpretation requires what?

Understanding multiple perspectives and biases.

Importance of Rizal's legacy

Inspiration for national identity and independence.

Historical research institutions

Places where historians and researchers collect and evaluate evidence.