APES Topics 2.6/2.7

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Flashcards about Adaptations and Ecological Succession

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15 Terms

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Genetic Diversity

Variability in genes of individuals within a population.

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Adaptation

A new trait that increases an organism's fitness (ability to survive and reproduce).

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Natural Selection

Organisms that are better adapted to their environment will be able to survive and reproduce more offspring.

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Selective Pressure/Force

The environmental condition that kills individuals without the adaptation.

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Short-Term Adaptations

Developments in response to temporary changes in the environment; DNA does not change.

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Long-Term Adaptations

May induce DNA changing over long time periods in response to natural selection, including conditioning processes.

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Ecological Succession

A series of predictable stages of growth that an ecosystem goes through.

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Primary Succession

Starts from bare rock in an area with no previous soil formation; moss and lichen break down rock to soil.

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Secondary Succession

Starts from already established soil in an area where a disturbance cleared out plant life (seeds dispersed by wind/animals).

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Pioneer/Early Successional Species

Appears first when ground is bare rock or soil after a disturbance; adapts to conditions, possibly creating new soil.

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Mid Successional Species

Appears after pioneer species, helped develop deeper soil with more nutrients.

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Late Successional Species

Appears last, after soil is deepened and enriched with nutrients by earlier successional species.

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Keystone Species

Species with a crucial role in an ecosystem.

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Indicator Species

Organisms that reflect an ecosystem's environment and health.

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Effects of Succession in a Disturbed Ecosystem

Changes in biomass, species richness, and net productivity.