Light and EM spectrum Ed excel

what is light?

Form of electromagnetic radiation that travels in waves, exhibiting wave-particle duality.

what do u understand by the term reflection of light

Process where light bounces off a surface, following laws of reflection.

state the two laws of reflection

First law - incident ray, normal, and reflected ray lie in the same plane. Second law - angle of incidence equals angle of reflection.

what is refraction of light

Bending of light due to change in speed as it moves between different optical densities.

state the two laws of refraction

First law - incident ray, normal, and refracted ray lie in the same plane. Second law - ratio of sine of angles equals refractive index.

what is critical angle

Angle of incidence where light refracts at 90 degrees, leading to total internal reflection.

what is dispersion of Light

Splitting of light into colors when passed through a prism due to varying frequencies.

what is an electromagnetic spectrum

Range of EM waves with different frequencies and energies.

what do u understand by wave-particle Duality

Concept that electromagnetic radiation has both wave-like and particle-like properties.

what are thin lenses

Converging (convex) lenses converge light rays, while diverging (concave) lenses diverge them.

what are characteristics of a lens

Optical center, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, and focal plane.

state the difference between real and virtual images

Images formed by lenses where real images can be projected, and virtual images cannot.

what is meant by short-sightedness

Condition where distant objects appear blurred due to light converging before reaching the retina.

what is meant by long-sightedness

Condition where near objects appear blurred due to light converging beyond the retina.