Subcutaneous Layer (Hypodermis) - Key Concepts

Vocabulary flashcards covering the anatomy, components, functions, and clinical use of the subcutaneous layer.

Subcutaneous layer (hypodermis or superficial fascia)

The layer beneath the skin composed of connective tissue, adipose tissue, nerves, and blood vessels; provides insulation, cushioning, energy storage, and helps regulate body temperature.

Adipose tissue

Tissue in the subcutaneous layer made up of fat cells that stores energy and releases it as needed.

Fat cells

Cells in adipose tissue responsible for storing and releasing energy as fat.

Connective tissue

Tissue in the subcutaneous layer that contains collagen and elastin fibers, giving strength and flexibility.

Collagen fibers

Protein fibers in connective tissue that provide tensile strength.

Elastin fibers

Protein fibers in connective tissue that provide elasticity.

Nerves

Nerve endings in the subcutaneous layer that supply sensation to the skin and underlying tissues.

Blood vessels

Vessels in the subcutaneous layer that nourish tissues and facilitate absorption of substances into the bloodstream.

Insulation

A function of the subcutaneous layer that helps regulate body temperature by reducing heat loss.

Cushioning

A function of the subcutaneous layer that absorbs shocks to protect underlying tissues.

Energy storage

The subcutaneous adipose tissue stores energy in the form of fat for later use.

Temperature regulation barrier

The subcutaneous layer acts as a barrier between the external environment and internal organs to help regulate temperature.

Subcutaneous injections

Medications delivered into the subcutaneous tissue; benefits include rich blood supply, rapid absorption, and being less invasive than intravenous injections.

Thickest areas (buttocks and thighs)

Regions where the subcutaneous layer is the thickest, providing more insulation and energy storage capacity.