INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM INTEGRATION

Information Systems provide:

• a high level of computer automation to support business functions

• analytical and decision making support for management

• Accounting Finance

• Marketing

• Customer Service

• Human Resource Management

• Operations

• Manufacturing

Business Functions

• Strategic

• Middle

• Operational

Three Levels of Support for Management

business functions & management levels

With each _________________________ and __________________________has different information requirements

Information Systems

______________________ play a major role in primary and secondary activities of anorganization’s value chain

Support horizontal silos

a high level of computer automation to support business functions

Support vertical silos

analytical and decision making support for management

• Silos

• Horizontal Silos

• Vertical Silos

Organization Functional Silos

Silos

compartmentalized operating units isolated from their environment

Horizontal Silos

Classification of organizations into departments like Accounting and Human Resources, reflects the breaking of complex tasks into smaller manageable tasks that could be assigned to a group of people who could then be held responsible

Vertical Silos

organizational division of roles in hierarchical layers from strategic planning to management control and operation control.

• Dept 1

  (Ex: Purchasing)

• Dept 2

  (Ex: Sales)

• Dept 3

  (Ex: Marketing)

• Dept 4

  (Ex: Operational)

Horizontal Silos:

• CEOs

• Presidents(Department Heads)

• Mid-level management(Supervisors)

• Lower-level management(Staff)

Vertical Silos:

• Executive Support Systems

• Decision Support Systems

• Management Information System

• Transaction Support Systems

• Office Automation System

• Operating & Database System

Types of System:

• Staff Support

• Managerial Support

• Operational Support

• Communication & Collaboration Support

• Infrastructure Support

Strategic Support:

• Top Managers

• Knowledge Workers Professionals

• Midlevel Managers

• Line Managers and Operators

• Clerical Staff

• IT Staff

People Supported:

silo information system

A _______________________ is inefficient, inaccurate, expensive, and creates bottlenecks for everyone with the unavailability of real-time information

cross-functional integration

A ___________________________ can involve people and resources from various functional departments working together, sharing information at any level of the organization

System Integration

• means that you allow heterogeneous Information Systems to communicate or integrate and share information (or data) with one another

• Develop information systems that allow organizations to share data with all of its stakeholders based on need and authorization

• Provide seamless connectivity between heterogeneous systems

• Increased Revenue and Growth

• Leveling the Competitive Environment

• Enhanced Information Visibility

• Increased Standardization

Pros of System Integration

• High Initial Set—up Costs

• Power and Interdepartmental Conflicts (due to the sharing of information)

• Long-term and Intangible ROI (Usually several years)

• Creativity Limitations (Restricts Creativity and Independence)

Cons of System Integration

• Information Oriented Integration

• Business Process Oriented Integration

• Service-Oriented Application Integration

• Portal-Oriented Application Integration

System Integration Approaches Overview

Information Oriented Integration:

requires the enterprise to define both how the information flows through it and how it does business

Business Process Oriented Integration

Binds disparate processes and create process-to-process solutions the ability to define a common business process model that addresses the sequence, hierarchy, events, execution logic and information movement between systems

Service-Oriented Application Integration

Provides mechanism to bind applications together at service level

Portal-Oriented Application Integration

Allows to view a multitude of systems, both internal and external enterprise systems, through a single user interface or application (Most often using web browser and avoids back-end integration altogether)