Chemistry AQA GCSE Paper 1

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Description and Tags

81 Terms

1
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mass number

protons and neutrons

2
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atomic number

protons or electrons

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an isotope has a different number of

neutrons

4
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who discovered different energy levels

niels bohr

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who discovered the nucleus

ernest rutherford

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who discovered the plum pudding model

thompson

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who discovered the periodic table

mendeleev

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group 0 name

noble gases

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group 0 properties

very unreactive

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what happens to the boiling point going down group 0

increases

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group 1 name

alkali metals

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group 1 properties

react aggressively with water

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what happens to reactivity going down group 1

increases

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what happens to boiling point going down group 1

increases

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group 7 name

halogens

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properties of halogens

exist as pairs

17
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what happens to reactivity going down group 7

decreases

18
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what happens to boiling point going down group 7

increases

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covalent bonding

between 2 non metals

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electrons in covalent bonding are

shared

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molecules are held together by

weak intermolecular forces

22
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can graphite carry current

yes

23
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structure of graphite

hexagonal rings

24
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can graphene carry current

yes

25
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what is graphene used in

electronics

26
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buckminsterfullerene uses

delivering drugs

27
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ionic bonding is between

a metal and a non metal

28
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in ionic bonding the electrons are

transferred

29
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ionic bonds have a

high melting point

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do ionic bonds conduct electricity

no

31
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when can ionic bonds conduct electricity

when dissolved in water

32
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do giant ionic lattices conduct electricity

no

33
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metallic bonding is between

2 metals

34
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filtration uses

filter paper

35
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crystallisation uses

evaporating substances

36
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distillation uses

evaporating substances and condensing them

37
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fractional distillation uses

different boiling points to separate liquids

38
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transition metals properties

high melting point, strong and hard

39
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units of measurement

nm, um, mm, m, km

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nanoparticles are used for

suncream, drug delivery, nanowires

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percentage yield =

actual yield / theoretical yield x 100

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1dm cubed =

1000cm cubed

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atom economy =

rfm of desired products / rfm of all reactants x 100

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how to get from g/dm cubed to mol/dm cubed

divide by mr

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mass =

formula mass x moles

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concentration =

mol/vol

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volume of gas =

mol x 24

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reactivity series

potassium sodium calcium magnesium aluminium carbon zinc iron tin lead hydrogen copper silver gold platinum

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oxidation is

loss of electrons

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reduction is

gain of electrons

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spectator ions are

unchanged in a reaction

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diatomic elements

hydrogen nitrogen oxygen fluorine bromine iodine chlorine

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acids form ___ when dissolved in water

H plus ions

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alkalis form ___ when dissolved in water

OH minus ions

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strong acids ___ in water

fully ionise

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weak acids ___ in water

partially ionise

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acid + alkali =

salt + water

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acid + metal =

salt + hydrogen

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acid + metal oxide =

salt + water

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acid + metal carbonate =

salt + water + carbon dioxide

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bases …

neutralise acids to form water in neutralisation reactions

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anode is

positive

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cathode is

negative

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anions are

negative

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cations are

positive

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the electrolyte is

the substance conducting electricity

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aqueous electrolysis at the anode

halogen forms if present, oxygen forms if not

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aqueous electrolysis at the cathode

metal forms if less reactive than hydrogen

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what is cryolite

lowers melting point

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problem with graphite anodes

wear out quickly

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breaking bonds

endothermic

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making bonds

exothermic

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what reaction happens in a chemical cell

metal displacement

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formula for ammonium

NH4 +

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formula for nitrate

NO3 -

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formula for sulfate

SO4 2-

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formula for carbonate

CO3 2-

78
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phenolphthalein colour in acid

colourless

79
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phenolphthalein colour in alkali

pink

80
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methyl orange colour in acid

red

81
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methyl orange colour in alkali

yellow