acid and bases reactions

Titration

adding one reactant in a controlled to a container of other reactant(s)

Equivalence point

Added exactly enough titrant to completely react w/ analyte

Equivalence volume

the volume of titrant required to reach the equivalence point in a titration.

end point

the point in a titration where the indicator changes color, signaling the completion of the reaction.

SA-SB titrations

rxn results the reactants to have H+ or OH- on reactnats side or both, and H2O on the products side.

ex: H+ + OH- —> H2O

analyte

the substance being analyzed or titrated in a chemical reaction. (inside the flask)

titrant

the solution of known concentration used in a titration to determine the concentration of an analyte. (Inside buret)

buffers

solutions that resist changes in pH upon small amounts of acids or bases.

consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.

Ex: CH3COO (SA) on reactant side and CH3COO (Conj B) on product side

add a SA

slight decrease in pH due to the increase in H⁺ ions from the strong acid.

add SB

slight increase in pH due to the decrease in H⁺ ions from the strong base.