apush summer assignment

Fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering key people, events, and concepts from Chapters 1–6 of The American Pageant for AP U.S. History summer reading.

Before European contact, Native American societies such as the Pueblo, Iroquois, and Mississippians practiced __ agriculture and sophisticated trade networks.

diverse

The trans-Atlantic transfer of plants, animals, people, and diseases after 1492 is known as the __.

Columbian Exchange

Spanish colonial rule relied on the __ system, which granted settlers land and native labor in exchange for Christianization.

encomienda

The 1680 uprising that expelled Spanish rule from New Mexico for over a decade is called the __.

Pueblo Revolt

Spanish priest __ criticized encomienda abuses and advocated for better treatment of natives.

Bartolomé de las Casas

The economic theory that colonies exist to supply raw materials and markets for the mother country is __.

mercantilism

Investor-funded ventures such as the Virginia Company are examples of a __ colony.

joint-stock

Colonies granted to one proprietor, like Pennsylvania, were called __.

proprietorships

Colonies directly ruled by the crown, such as Virginia after 1624, were classified as __ colonies.

royal

The Chesapeake colonies were founded mainly for __ profit rather than religious motives.

economic

Established in 1607, __ was England’s first permanent settlement in North America.

Jamestown

During the winter of 1609–1610, Jamestown experienced severe famine known as the __.

“Starving Time”

John Rolfe’s successful cultivation of __ turned Virginia into a profitable colony.

tobacco

Poor Europeans who exchanged years of labor for passage to America were called __ servants.

indentured

The __ system awarded 50 acres to anyone who paid passage for a laborer.

headright

The 1676 frontier revolt led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor Berkeley is known as __.

Bacon’s Rebellion

Maryland’s 1649 __ guaranteed religious freedom to all Christians.

Act of Toleration

South Carolina’s staple crop that demanded extensive slave labor was __.

rice

Founded by James Oglethorpe in 1733, __ served as a buffer between South Carolina and Spanish Florida.

Georgia

The 1620 colony established by the Pilgrims was __.

Plymouth

Aboard ship in 1620, the Pilgrims drafted the self-governing agreement called the __ Compact.

Mayflower

Puritan leader John Winthrop envisioned Massachusetts Bay as a __ “upon a hill.”

city

In New England, __ meetings became a form of direct democratic local government.

town hall

The 1636–1638 conflict in which New England settlers destroyed a coastal tribe was the __ War.

Pequot

Metacom’s 1675–1676 uprising against Puritan settlements is known as __ War.

King Philip’s

Banished Puritan minister __ founded Rhode Island on principles of religious freedom.

Roger Williams

The 1662 __ allowed partial church membership to children of the unconverted.

Half-Way Covenant

Hysteria over alleged witchcraft led to the 1692 __ Trials.

Salem Witch

The 1739 slave uprising in South Carolina was the __ Rebellion.

Stono

Founded by William Penn in 1681, __ embraced Quaker ideals of tolerance and pacifism.

Pennsylvania

Dutch New Amsterdam was seized by the English in 1664 and renamed __.

New York

The brutal trans-Atlantic journey enslaved Africans endured was called the __ passage.

Middle

British trade restrictions that aimed to enforce mercantilism were the __ Acts (or Laws).

Navigation

James II’s attempt to merge northern colonies under Governor Andros was the __ of New England.

Dominion

The 1730s–1740s religious revival led by George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards is the __.

Great Awakening

French explorer __ founded Quebec and helped establish New France.

Samuel de Champlain

The 1754–1763 conflict between Britain and France over North America is the __ War.

French and Indian

After that war, Britain prohibited settlement west of the Appalachians in the __ of 1763.

Proclamation Line