1.2 Developments in Dar al-Islam

This set of flashcards encompasses key concepts and significant historical developments within Dar al-Islam from 1200 to 1450.

What caused the rapid spread of Islam after the death of Muhammad in 632?

Islam spread through military actions and the activities of merchants and missionaries.

What was the House of Wisdom?

A renowned center of learning in Baghdad where scholars traveled to study.

Who were the Mamluks?

Enslaved people, often ethnic Turks from Central Asia, who served as soldiers and later seized control to establish the Mamluk Sultanate.

What impact did the Portuguese have on the Mamluk Sultanate?

The Mamluks declined in power as the Portuguese and other Europeans developed new sea routes for trade.

What role did the Seljuk Turks play in the history of the Abbasid Empire?

They began conquering parts of the Middle East and reduced the Abbasid caliph's authority.

What were the Crusaders organized to do?

They were organized to reopen access for Christians to holy sites in Jerusalem that were limited by the Seljuk Turks.

How did trade patterns affect Baghdad during the Abbasid Empire's decline?

Trade patterns shifted to routes farther north, leading Baghdad to lose its wealth and population.

What was the cultural impact of trade in the Islamic world?

Trade spread new goods and fresh ideas, leading to a shared cultural region across Islamic states.

What advancements were made during the golden age in Baghdad?

Scholars like Nasir al-Din al-Tusi made contributions to various fields including astronomy, law, and mathematics.

Who is Ibn Khaldun and what is he known for?

He is acknowledged as a founder of historiography and sociology with his historical accounts.

What unique role did Sufi missionaries play in Islam's expansion?

They adapted to local cultures and traditions, incorporating them into Islam to win converts.

How did Islamic society view merchants compared to other societies?

Islamic society viewed merchants as more prestigious, valuing fair dealings and charity.

What rights did Islamic women have compared to women in other religions during this period?

Islamic women could inherit property, initiate divorce under some conditions, and practice birth control.

What was the significance of the Umayyads in Spain?

They maintained power in Spain longer than in the Middle East and created a climate of tolerance between Muslims, Christians, and Jews.

What contribution did Ibn Rushd (Averroes) make to philosophy?

He wrote influential works on law and philosophy that influenced both Jewish and Christian thinkers.

What technological impact did Muslims have on European knowledge?

Muslims introduced paper-making technology from China to Europeans, vital for spreading ideas.