Untitled

Groups

Vertical columns on the periodic table

Period

A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table

Metals

an element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity well

Nonmetals

Elements that are poor conductors of heat and electric current

Metalloids

Elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals.

Transition Metals

groups 3-12

Halogens

Contains nonmetals, 7 valence electrons in it's outermost energy level. Very reactive

Nobel Gases

Atoms that have completely filled energy levels or that eight electrons in their outermost energy level - do not easily lose electrons. ( Group 8 or 18 )

Alkali Metals

any metal in Group 1A of the periodic table

Alkaline Earth Metals

the elements in Group 2A of the periodic table

Atomic Radius

one-half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together

Ionic Radius

Distance from the center of an ion's nucleus to its outermost electron

Electronegativity

A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons

Ionization Energy

The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom

Reactivity

The ease and speed with which an element combines, or reacts, with other elements and compounds.

Cation

A positively charged ion

Anion

A negatively charged ion

Oxidation Number

Positive or negative number that indicates how many electrons an atom has gained, lost, or shared to become stable

Valence Electrons

Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom