Module 46: humanistic theories, and trait theories

Humanistic theories

Emphasize self-determination and self-realization in personality development, focusing on healthy personal growth.

Hierarchy of needs

Maslow's theory of human needs arranged in a pyramid, starting with physiological needs and progressing to self-actualization.

Self-actualization

The pursuit of fulfilling one's potential after meeting basic physical and psychological needs, according to Maslow.

Self-transcendence

Striving for identity, meaning, and purpose beyond oneself, as described by Maslow.

Unconditional positive regard

Carl Rogers' concept of a caring, accepting, and non-judgmental attitude to foster self-awareness and self-acceptance in clients.

Self-concept

The collection of thoughts and feelings about oneself, answering the question "Who am I?"

Trait

Characteristics that describe patterns of behavior, emotion, and thought in individuals.

Personality inventory

Questionnaires assessing a wide range of feelings and behaviors to evaluate specific personality traits.

Self-report

A method for participants to describe their personality traits through surveys, questionnaires, or tests.

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

A widely researched and clinically used personality test initially developed to identify emotional disorders and now used for various screening purposes.

Empirically derived test

Tests like the MMPI created by selecting items that differentiate between groups based on empirical data.

Big Five Factors

Five personality traits - openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism - that describe personality, also known as the Five Factor Model.