Gastrointestinal Diseases & Treatments

GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)

A condition where a relaxed lower esophageal sphincter causes heartburn or acid reflux

GERD – Treatment

Medications to suppress acid production: proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), H2 blockers, GI stimulants to strengthen the sphincter, antiemetics for nausea, and antacids.

Ulcers

Sores on the stomach or intestinal walls caused by overproduction of parietal cells, bacterial infection (e.g. H. pylori), medications, or lifestyle factors

Ulcers – Treatment

Antibiotics to treat infection and acid suppressants such as H2 blockers

Ulcerative Colitis

Inflammatory bowel disease affecting the colon and rectum

Ulcerative Colitis – Treatment

5-Aminosalicylates to reduce inflammation in the intestinal lining

Diverticulitis

Inflammation of diverticula in the colon wall, causing pain, cramping, nausea, and fever

Diverticulitis – Treatment

Antibiotics, surgery (in severe cases), and dietary changes

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Chronic intestinal illness triggered by stress, food, or hormones; symptoms include constipation or diarrhea

IBS – Treatment

SSRIs and tricyclic antidepressants for symptom management

Crohn’s Disease

Chronic inflammatory disease of the intestines that causes ulceration in both the small and large intestines

Crohn’s Disease – Treatment

Symptom management with medications, stress reduction, and dietary modifications

GI Disorder Management – Laxatives

Indicated for treating constipation

GI Disorder Management – Phenothiazines / Antihistamines

Indicated for treating allergies and nausea