HITT EXAM 3 (C. 5-6)

Receives blood from the veins and pumps blood into the arteries.

Heart/o

Blood Vessels/o

Transport blood to and from all areas of the body.

Arteries/o

Transport blood away from the heart to all parts of the body.

Capillaries/o

Permit the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the blood and the cells.

Veins/o

Return blood from all body parts to the heart.

Immature cells = hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or hemocytoblasts

differentiate into erythrocytes, platelets, and leukocytes as they develop.

Plasma/o

Contains nutrients, hormones, waste products, and clotting proteins.

Erythrocytes/o (RBC) - Make up about 45% of the blood by volume

Transport oxygen to the tissues. (erythr/o means red, and -cytes means cells).

Platelets/o also called --thrombocytes are (THROM-boh-sights) the smallest formed elements of the blood.

Play an important role in the clotting of blood.

angi/o

blood or lymph vessels

ather/o

plaque, fatty substance

peri-

surrounding

phleb/o

vein

-sclerosis

abnormal hardening

tachy-

fast, rapid

thromb/o

clot

ven/o

vein

ACE inhibitor. Medication that relaxes blood vessels.

Blocks the action of the enzyme that causes the blood vessels to contract, resulting in hypertension

anemia (ah-NEE-mee-ah)

Condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells

aneurysm (AN-you-rizm)

Abnormal bulge in a blood vessel

angina (an-JIGH-nuh)

Chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium.

angiography (AN-jee-oh-plas-tee)

(angi/o means blood vessel, and -graphy means the process of recording).

An x-ray of the blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium

anticoagulant (an-tih-koh-AG-you-lant)

Medication that prevents blood clotting. Coumadin and Heparin

-lytic

means to destroy

aorta (ay-OR-tah)

Main artery of the body

aortic stenosis (ay-OR-tick steh-NOH-sis)

Narrowing of the aortic valve

arrhythmia (ah-RITH-mee-ah)

YTH

Irregular heartbeat

atherectomy (ath-er-ECK-toh-mee)

Surgical removal of plaque from an artery

atherosclerosis (ath-er-oh-skleh-ROH-sis) -

ather/o means plaque or fatty substance, and -sclerosis means abnormal hardening

Hardening of arteries due to plaque buildup.

atrial fibrillation (AY-tree-al fih-brih-LAY-shun)

Irregular and often rapid heart rate

automated external defibrillator (dee-FIB-rih-lay-ter)

Device that restores normal heart rhythm

beta-blocker (BAY-tah-blok-er)

Medication that reduces heart rate

bradycardia (brad-ee-KAR-dee-ah)

(brady- means slow, card means heart, and -ia means abnormal condition)

Slow heart rate

capillaries (KAP-uh-ler-eez)

Small blood vessels where exchange occurs

cardiac arrest

Sudden loss of heart function

cardiac catheterization (KAR-dee-ack) (Kath-eh-ter-eye-ZAY-shun)

A diagnostic and treatment procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and then guided into the heart

cardiomyopathy (kar-dee-oh-my-OP-ah-thee)

Disease of the heart muscle

carotid endarterectomy (kah-ROT-id end-ar-ter-ECK-toh-mee)

(end- means within, arter means artery, and -ectomy means surgical removal).

Surgical procedure to reduce stroke risk

cholesterol (koh-LES-ter-ol)

Fat-like substance in the blood

chronic venous insufficiency

Condition where veins cannot pump enough blood

coronary artery disease (CAD) or (CHD)

Narrowing of coronary arteries. This creates an insufficient supply of oxygen that can cause angina (pain), myocardial infarction (heart attack), or death

coronary thrombosis (KOR-uh-nerr-ee throm-BOH-sis)

Blood clot in a coronary artery

defibrillation (dee-fih-brih-LAY-shun)

Restoration of normal heart rhythm

diastole (dye-AS-toh-lee)

Phase of the heartbeat when the heart relaxes

diuretic (dye-you-RET-ick)

Medication that increases urine production

electrocardiogram (ee-leck-troh-KAR-dee-oh-gram)

(electr/o means electric, cardi/o means heart, and -graphy means the process of recording a picture or record)

Recording the electrical activity of the myocardium

electrophysiologist (eh-LEK-troh-fiz-ee-ol-oh-jist)

Specialist in heart's electrical system

embolism (EM-boh-lizm)

(embol means something inserted, and -ism means condition).

Blockage caused by an embolus

embolus (EM-boh-lus) - Blood clot

Blood clot or other substance that travels

endocarditis (en-doh-kar-DYE-tis)

Inflammation of the heart's inner lining

erythrocytes (eh-RITH-roh-sights)

Red blood cells - (erythr/o means red, and -cytes means cells)

heart murmur

Abnormal heart sound

hemoglobin (HEE-moh-gloh-bin)

(hem/o means blood, and -globin means protein)

Protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen

hypoperfusion (high-poh-per-FYOU-zhun) - Perfusion is the circulation of blood through an organ or tissues.

Inadequate blood flow to an organ

ischemia (iss-KEE-mee-ah)

(isch means to hold back, and -emia means blood)

Insufficient blood supply to an organ

long QT syndrome - Long QT intervals between beats

Heart rhythm disorder

mitral valve prolapse (MY-tral VALV proh-LAPS)

Condition where the mitral valve does not close properly

myocardial infarction (my-oh-KAR-dee-al in-FARK-shun)

Heart attack

orthostatic hypotension (or-thoh-STAT-ick high-poh-TEN-shun)

ortho = upright

Drop in blood pressure when standing up

pericardium (pehr-ih-KAR-dee-um)

Membrane surrounding the heart

Narrowing of arteries in the limbs

peripheral artery disease

phlebitis (fleh-BYE-tis) - (phleb means vein, and -itis means inflammation).

Inflammation of a vein

Raynaud's disease (ray-NOHZ)

Condition causing reduced blood flow to fingers and toes

sinoatrial node (sigh-noh-AY-tree-ahl)

Natural pacemaker of the heart

systole (SIS-toh-lee) or systolic

Phase of heartbeat when the heart contracts

tachycardia (tack-ee-KAR-dee-ah)

(tachy- means rapid, card means heart, and -ia means abnormal condition)

Fast heart rate

telemetry nurse (teh-LEM-eh-tree)

Nurse monitoring patients' heart rhythms

temporal arteritis (TEM-poh-ral ar-teh-RYE-tis)

Inflammation of blood vessels in the head

thallium stress test (TST) (THAL-ee-um)

Test to assess blood flow to the heart

thrombolytic (throm-boh-LIT-ick)

Medication that dissolves blood clots

thrombosis (throm-BOH-sis)

Formation of a blood clot

thrombotic occlusion (throm-BOT-ick ah-KLOO-zhun)

Blockage caused by a thrombus

thrombus (THROM-bus)

Blood clot that forms in a blood vessel

varicose veins (VAHR-ih-kohs VAYNS)

Enlarged veins due to valve failure

venous thromboembolism

Blood clot in a vein that travels

ventricular fibrillation (ven-TRICK-you-lar fih-brih-LAY-shun)

Life-threatening heart rhythm

ventricular tachycardia (ven-TRICK-you-lar tack-ee-KAR-dee-ah)

Fast heart rate originating from the ventricles

chromat/o

color

coagul/o

clotting, coagulation

-emia

blood, blood condition

erythr/o

red

fibrin/o

fibrin, fibers, threads of a clot

-globin

protein

myel/o

spinal cord, bone marrow

-oid

resembling

-penia

deficiency

plasma, plasm/o

something molded or formed, plasma

-poiesis

to make

-stasis

maintenance of a constant level

allogeneic transfusion (al-loh-jen-EEH-ick)

Blood transfusion from a donor all/o means different, gene means origin, and -ic means pertaining to)

antigen (AN-tih-jen)

Substance that triggers an immune response

aplastic anemia (ay-PLAS-tick ah-NEE-mee-ah)

(a- means without, plast means growth, and -ic means pertaining to)

Condition where bone marrow fails to produce enough blood cells.

autologous transfusion (aw-TOL-uh-guss)

Transfusion of one's own blood

basophils (WBCs)- least common type. Formed in red bone marrow.

(allergic)

Responsible for the histamines that cause the symptoms of allergic reactions.

coagulation (koh-ag-you-LAY-shun)

(coagul means clotting, and -ation means action).

Process of blood clotting

coagulopathy (koh-ag-you-LOP-ah-thee)

Disorder of blood clotting

comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) - Chem 14

A screening tool used to see the body’s metabolism by measuring fourteen different substances in the blood.

decompression sickness

Condition from rapid ascent in sea-divers

direct antiglobulin test

Test for autoimmune hemolytic anemia

eosinophils WBCs (ee-oh-SIN-oh-fills) - plays a role in allergic reactions

Formed in red bone marrow and then migrate to tissues throughout the body.