Tissues and Respiratory System 1

atlas

C1, first cervical vertebrae

axis

C2, second cervical vertebrae

cervical vertebrae

first 7 vertebrae (breakfast at 7)

thoracic vertebrae

second grouping of vertebrae with 12 (lunch at 12)

lumbar vertebrae

last grouping of vertebrae with 5 (dinner at 5)

sacrum

beneath lumbar vertebrae, triangle shape

coccyx

very base of spine, inferior to the sacrum, tailbone

spinous process

the points/beaks of vertebrae (what you feel on your back)

vertebral foramen

hole/opening in each vertebra, spinal cord goes through

transverse foramen

small holes/opening on sides of cervical vertebrae

transverse process

small wings/projections on sides of each vertebra

dens/odontoid process

protrusion on C2/axis, goes through C1

facet for occiput

flat/top portion of C1, where occipital bone sits

corpus

big, flat chunk on all vertebrae, except for C1

pedicle

sides of the vertebral foramen

superior and inferior costal facet

provide attachment points for ligaments and muscles to help stabilize the thoracic vertebrae and allow rib movement during respiration

superior/inferior articular facet/process

bony projections on the upper surface of a vertebra, where the vertebrae touch each other

intervertebral disc

inner portion between corpus, cartilage between vertebra

scapula

shoulder wing/blade, connected to clavicle

clavicle

collarbones

sternum

chest bone

ilium

hip frame, ear looking

sacrum

big triangle below lumbar vertebrae

pubis

u shape connected to the ilium

ischium

outer bottom section connected to pubis

crest of ilium

lining of upper ilium

sacroiliac joint

joint between sacrum and ilium

pubic symphysis

where the two halves of the pubis join

rib

head of rib

neck of rib

between head and angle

tubercle

small posterior bony notch on rib

angle of rib

where rib curves

shaft

middle of rib, where neck meets body

true ribs

1-7 ribs

false ribs

bottom three ribs (8-10)

floating ribs

last two ribs, no front connection to sternum

chondral portion of rib

cartilage connected to sternum from ribs

manubrium

top trapezoid of sternum

corpus

body of sternum

xiphoid (ensiform) process

bottom stick of sternum

manubriosternal angle

connection between manubrium and corpus

suprasternal notch

connects clavicle to sternum

nasal cavity

where airflow comes thru the nose

oral cavity

mouth

pharynx

cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus

larynx

holds vocal folds, middle of neck, between pharynx and top of trachea

hyoid bone

u shaped bone in the neck, supports the tongue

esophagus

transports food and liquids from pharynx to stomach, goes behind trachea

trachea

windpipe, connects larynx to bronchi

carina

where the trachea sits, separates right and left main bronchi

mainstem bronchi

two large airways that branch off the bottom of the trachea

secondary (lobar) bronchi

first shoot offs of main stem bronchi

tertiary bronchu

third level branches of bronchial tree, 2nd main stem shoot off

superior lobe of lung

2 (one per lung), upper section of each lung

middle lobe

only on the right lung, between superior and inferior lobes

inferior lobes

2 (one per lung) bottom section of lungs

base of lungs

concave inferior surface of each lung, rests upon the diaphragm

apex of lungs

pointed, rounded upper tup of lung lungs, extends into the root of the neck