Waves and Sound Test

Wave

a repeating disturbance that travels through either matter or space, accompanied by a transfer of energy.

Pulse

A wave that only happens once

What are the two kinds of waves?

Mechanical and electromagnetic

What do all waves carry?

energy

Medium

The matter a wave travels through

What is a mechanical wave?

A wave that requires a medium

What is an electromagnetic wave?

A wave that does not require a medium

What is a transverse wave?

A wave that travels horizontally

What is the line of equilibrium?

The line where the medium would be at rest

What is a crest?

The top of a transverse wave

What is a trough?

The bottom of a transverse wave

What is a wavelength?

The distance from two identical parts of a wave

What is a transverse amplitude?

The distance from either a trough or crest from the line of equilibrium

What is a longitudinal/compression wave?

A wave where the wave travels parallel to the energy

What is a compression?

A part where is medium is compressed

What is a rarefaction?

The thin part of the wave

What is a longitudinal amplitude?

The amount of matter that is compressed or rarified

What is Rectilinear Propagation?

Waves that travel in straight lines

What is reflection?

When a light wave bounces off a boundary

What is refraction?

Waves bending as they slow down and enter a medium

What is diffraction?

Waves bending around a barrier

What is constructive interference?

Waves that build on eachother

What is destructive interference?

When waves cancel each other out

What type of wave is a sound wave?

longitudinal/compression

What is pitch and what is it related to?

how high or low a sound is. Related to wave frequency

What is loudness and what is it related to

volume. Related to wave amplitude

What is timbre and what is it related to?

the description of sound(scratchy, smooth, ect.) and the shape of the wave

Eardrum

Vibrates at the same frequency as the sound

Ossicles

3 tiny bones that amplify the eardrums’ vibrations

Cochlea

The magic part of the ear that contains hair cells that turns sound into energy

Cochlear/auditory nerve

where all the hair cells meet and forma nerve that connects to your brain where all the sound is processed

What are the 4 ways sound is produced?

Vibration of a string, reed, membrane, or air column

What point on a transverse wave has the highest energy?

Crest and trough

Semicircular canals

Responsible for balance

What is the quietest sound a person can hear?

0dB

What is the threshold of pain?

120dB

What is the range of FREQUENCIES humans can hear?

20Hz-20000Hz

What is infrasonic?

Frequencies BELOW our hearing(20Hz)

What is ultrasonic?

Frequencies ABOVE our hearing(20000Hz)

What is the Doppler Effect?

A perceived change in frequency caused by an object catching up to it’s sound waves

What is supersonic?

Faster than sound

What is subsonic?

Slower than sound

What is a sonic boom?

When all the compressions of a sound wave are compressed as an object approaches the speed of sound

If you are around ____dB for a consistent amount of time, the gov requires that you wear headphones

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