Eating Disorders

anorexia nervosa

refusal to maintain body weight at or above a minimally normal weight for age and height

anorexia nervosa

___________ is characterized by:

- intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat (generally underweight)

- poor body image

- amenorrhea may occur

restricting type and binging-eating/purging type

sub-types of anorexia nervosa

5-20%

____________ of anorexia nervosa patients die

bulimia nervosa

eating large quantities of food in a short period of time (binging, feelings of loss of control) followed by inappropriate weight compensatory behavior (purging, laxative use, dieting, excessive exercise); individual is generally of normal weight

purging bulimia

by means of laxatives, diuretics, or vomiting

non-purging bulimia

excessive exercise or dieting

binge eating disorder

eating, in a discrete period of time, an amount of food that is definitely larger than most people would eat in a similar period of time under similar circumstances; a sense of lack of control overeating during the episode

other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED)

disordered eating patterns and behaviors that do not meet specific criteria for other eating disorder diagnosis; associated with reduced ability to engage in social interactions and inability to perform work at expected level

purging disorder

recurrent purging to influence weight or shape in the absence of binging

night eating syndrome

recurrent episodes of night eating: eating after waking from sleep or excessive food intake after evening meal

unspecified feeding or eating disorder

eating disorders that do not meet specific criteria for eating disorder, results in clinically significant distress or impaired social and occupational engagement

orthorexia

fixation on righteous eating, unhealthy obsession with eating only foods considered "pure" and of high quality

body dysmorphia disorder (BDD)

preoccupied with the thought that appearance is unattractive or deformed

muscle dysmorphia

type of BDD (body dysmorphia disorder) in which individuals focus on their muscularity and believe they are never muscular enough (bigorexia)

body image

how individual pictures their body or how we "feel" about how we look

body dissatisfaction

poor body image, risk factor for developing disordered eating behavior

female athlete triad

anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS)

manufactured hormones related to natural male sex hormones, developed in 1930s for medical purposes, illegal to possess without a prescription, banned in most competitive sports

diagnostic and statistical manual, fifth edition (DSM:V)

criteria to diagnose an eating disorder is found in:

adolescence

disordered eating behaviors often become most obvious during ____________.

10%

men account for approximately _______ of reported cases of eating disorders

risk factors for disordered eating

dieting, cultural pressure, body dissatisfaction, teasing, self-esteem, puberty, family

micronutrient deficiencies

___________ ____________ can lead to impaired growth and development in children/teens, osteoporosis, impaired immune system function, infertility

teasing

____________ is a major risk factor for disordered eating

multidisciplinary treatment approach

most treatment programs use ___________ __________ _________

intuitive eating

a self-care eating framework, which integrates instinct, emotion, and rational thought; designed by 2 dietitians Evelyn Tribole and Elyse Resch in 1995; does not focus on weight loss but the shift in how we move past the diet culture and body image changes; focusing on the positive relationship that food provides not as feelings but health

reject the diet mentality

forget dieting -- do not allow the thought to linger

honor your hunger

focus on biological triggers to re-buid trust with food

make peace with food

stop the food fight (no forbidden foods)

challenge the food police

no good or bad food -- shoot NO to these triggers

respect your fullness

listen for body signals to tell you are not hungry; observe signs that you are comfortable but full. pause in the middle of a meal

discover the satisfaction factor

based on japanese focus on promoting pleasure in their goals for healthy living

honor your feelings without using food

find ways to comfort, nurture, and distract/resolve issues with food ( food does not fix feelings)

respect your body

accept your genetic blueprint (everyone is different in size and shape)

exercise

just get active and feel the difference

honor you health

gentle nutrition focuses on food choices which honor your health and tastebuds (one snack, one meal, one day doesn't create deficiency or weight gain)

physical appearance

_________ _____________ is not always a reliable indicator of an eating disorder; only apparent sign may be obssesion with food, body image, and/or exercise