MED1- Q3 2ND SHIFTING

For hypertensive patients, which of the following has the best proven benefit of lowering systolic blood pressure?
a. Isometric resistance exercises
b. Moderation in alcohol intake
c. Healthy diet (DASH dietary pattern)
d. Reduced intake of dietary sodium

Healthy diet (DASH dietary pattern)

A BP of 135/85 mmHg is categorized in the 2017 ACC/AHA Guidelines as
a. Stage 2 Hypertension
b. Elevated
c. Normal
d. Stage 1 Hypertension

Stage 1 Hypertension

For normotensive patients, which of the following has the best proven benefit of lowering systolic blood pressure?
a. Reduced intake of dietary sodium
b. Isometric resistance exercises
c. Moderation in alcohol intake
d. Healthy diet

Isometric resistance exercises

The BP goal of pharmacological therapy in hypertensive patients according to the 2017 ACC/AHA Guidelines is
a. <140/80 mmHg
b. ≤130/80 mmHg
c. <110/80 mmHg
d. ≤120/80 mmHg

≤130/80 mmHg

According to the 2017 ACC/AHA Guidelines, a BP of 125/75 mmHg is categorized as
a. Elevated
b. Normal
c. Stage 1 Hypertension
d. Stage 2 Hypertension

Elevated

A 70-year-old hypertensive, diabetic female has an ankle-brachial index of 0.7. This means
a. She has moderate peripheral arterial disease and needs a vascular specialist consult
b. Her ABI is normal and does not warrant referral
c. Her ABI value is acceptable
d. Her posterior tibial artery pressure is higher than her brachial artery pressure

She has moderate peripheral arterial disease and needs a vascular specialist consult

True about arm position during blood pressure determination
a. None of the choices is correct
b. Below the heart level may lead to erroneously low BP readings
c. At the level of the heart may lead to erroneously low BP readings
d. Above the heart level may lead to erroneously low BP readings

Above the heart level may lead to erroneously low BP readings

Which of the following is/are recommended to confirm the diagnosis of hypertension and for titration of BP-lowering medications?
a. Out-of-office BP measurements
b. Ambulatory BP monitoring
c. All choices are correct
d. Home BP monitoring

All choices are correct

A 50-year-old male with no history of medications has an average clinic BP of 140/90 mmHg and average home BP of 140/100 mmHg. His condition is categorized as
a. White coat hypertension
b. Sustained hypertension
c. Normotensive
d. Masked hypertension

Sustained hypertension

True of blood pressure terms
a. Mean arterial pressure is systolic BP minus diastolic BP
b. Pulse pressure is diastolic BP + 1/3 mean arterial pressure
c. BP is based on the average of at least 2 readings obtained on at least 2 occasions
d. Diastolic BP corresponds to the fourth Korotkoff sound

BP is based on the average of at least 2 readings obtained on at least 2 occasions

True about pulse obliteration pressure prior to checking BP with a stethoscope
a. All choices are correct
b. Avoids inaccurate measurements caused by the auscultatory gap
c. The point where the radial pulse reappears after gradual cuff deflation
d. Avoids overinflation from arbitrary inflation of the cuff

All choices are correct

True about measuring blood pressure
a. Position the patient's arm at heart level (approximately 4th intercostal space at sternum)
b. At lower arm levels, BP recordings will be lower
c. The cuff bladder should be centered over the brachial artery
d. At higher arm levels, BP recordings will be higher

The cuff bladder should be centered over the brachial artery

True about BP responses to changes in body position in a normotensive individual with intact autonomic nervous system
a. Supine BP > Sitting BP > Standing BP
b. Standing BP > Sitting BP > Supine BP
c. Sitting BP > Supine BP > Standing BP
d. All choices are correct

Supine BP > Sitting BP > Standing BP

True about cuff size in BP determination
a. A right-sized cuff may give falsely high BP readings
b. A too short and narrow cuff may give falsely high BP readings
c. None of the choices is correct
d. A too large cuff may give falsely high BP readings

A too short and narrow cuff may give falsely high BP readings

A 65-year-old female with no history of medications averaged 150/105 mmHg in clinic and 115/75 mmHg at home. Category?
a. White coat hypertension
b. Sustained hypertension
c. Normotensive
d. Masked hypertension

White coat hypertension