CHEMISTRY: ATOMS

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14 Terms

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atom

the smallest particle of an element

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atomic mass

the average mass of all the isotopes of a element

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atomic mass unit

a unit used to express atomic weight and is equal to 1/12 the mass of a carbon - 12 atom

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atomic number

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

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electron

a particle of matter with a negative charge

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element

pure substances that cannot be broken down or decomposed into simpler substances by chemical means

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isotope

forms of an element that the same protons but differing neutrons

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mass number

the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

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neutron

particle that has no charge in the nucleus of an atom

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nucleus

dense; positively charged central core of an atom

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orbital

region in an atom in which an electrons are located

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proton

particle with a positive charge

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valence electrons

electrons on the outer level of an atom

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wave - mechanical model

the current model of the atoms that deals with the wave - particle duality of nature