Year 9 Chemistry, Chemistry Revision Year 9, Year 9 Chemistry

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Chemistry

9th

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95 Terms

1
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A class of elements characterized by physical properties that include shininess, malleability, ductility, and conductivity.
Metal
Metal
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The ability of an object to transfer heat or electricity to another object.
Conductivity
Conductivity
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Able to be stretched into wires
Ductile
Ductile
4
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Elements in Group 18 of the periodic table. Have no charge and are gases under normal conditions. (Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon)
Noble gases
Noble gases
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Contains nonmetals, 7 valence electrons in it's outermost energy level. Very reactive
Halogens
Halogens
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Group 2 elements
Alkali Earths
Alkali Earths
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The attraction between oppositely charged ions
Ionic bonding
Ionic bonding
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An element that tends to be a poor conductor of heat and electric current; these generally have properties opposite to those of metals.
Non-metals
Non-metals
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Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom
Valence electrons
Valence electrons
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The basic building block of all materials; it consists of neutrons and protons surrounded by a cloud of electrons
Atom
Atom
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The fundamental building block of all materials; it consists of a bunch of neutrons and protons surrounded by a cloud of electrons
Atomic model
Atomic model
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The number of protons in a neucleus; the atomic number determines what type of atom it is
Atomic number
Atomic number
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A short-hand notation for describing an atom; it consists of the chemical "letter(s)", atomic number and mass number
Atomic symbol
Atomic symbol
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A pure substance that is made up of two or more different types of atom chemically bound together
Compound
Compound
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A small, negatively charged particle; clouds of electrons surround the nucleus of an atom
Electron
Electron
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The number of electrons in each of the electron shells of an atom
Electron configuration
Electron configuration
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Part of the electron cloud; it is a layer that surrounds the nucleus and can only hold a certain number of electrons
Electron shell
Electron shell
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A substance made up of only one type of atom
Element
Element
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An atom that has gained or lost electrons and therefore has an electric charge
Ion
Ion
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Atoms that have the same number of protons (atomic number) but a different number of neutrons in their nucleus
Isotope
Isotope
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The number of protons and neutrons in an atom's neucleus
Mass number
Mass number
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A cluster of atoms that makes up an element or a compound
Molecule
Molecule
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Nuclear radiation
Describes any rays or particles released by atomic nuclei
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Nucleus
The centre of an atom, containing protons & neutrons
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Chemical properties
Characteristics of a substance that determine how it will react with other substances.
Characteristics of a substance that determine how it will react with other substances.
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Periodic table
A table showing the symbols and often data of all 118 known types of atoms (elements)
A table showing the symbols and often data of all 118 known types of atoms (elements)
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Proton
A positively charged particle in the nucleus
A positively charged particle in the nucleus
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3
Atomic Number of Lithium
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Li
Symbol for Lithium
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Group 1
Lithium's Group.
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Group 14
Silicon's Group.
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Group 16
Sulfur's Group
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Group 2
Calcium's Group
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16
Atomic Number of Sulfur
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20
Atomic Number of Calcium
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Period 3
Silicon's Period
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Period 2
Lithium's Period
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Period 4
Calcium's Period
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0
Neutrons in Hydrogen
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10
Neutrons in Fluorine
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14
Neutrons in Aluminium
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9
Fluorine's Electrons
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15
Atomic Number of Phosphorus
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27
Mass Number for Aluminium
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19
Mass number for Fluorine
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2,6
Electron configuration for Oxygen
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2,4
Electron configuration for Carbon
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2,8,8
Electron configuration for Argon
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2,8,8,2
Electron configuration for Calcium
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+
Charge on a proton
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-
Charge on an electron
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No charge
Charge of a neutron
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Proton and Electron
Equal but opposite charges
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Proton and Neutron
Both live in the nucleus
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1 atomic mass unit
The weight of protons or neutrons.
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1/1800th of an atomic mass unit.
The weight of electrons.
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Mass number
protons + neutrons
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In a normal atom:
Number of electrons =
Number of protons
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In an ion:
Number of electrons =
Changes (more or less) to get a full outer shell
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Atomic substance
Atoms that are not bonded to other atoms. e.g. noble gases
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Molecular substance
Contains molecules, each molecules has two or more atoms bonded together.
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Lattice
Interconnected atoms or ions, all bonded together to form a pattern.
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Isotopes will have the same number of
Protons
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Isotopes will have different numbers of
Neutrons
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Metal
A class of elements characterized by physical properties that include shininess, malleability, ductility, and conductivity.
A class of elements characterized by physical properties that include shininess, malleability, ductility, and conductivity.
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Conductivity
The ability of an object to transfer heat or electricity to another object.
The ability of an object to transfer heat or electricity to another object.
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Malleable
A class of elements characterized by physical properties that include shininess, malleability, ductility, and conductivity
A class of elements characterized by physical properties that include shininess, malleability, ductility, and conductivity
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Ductile
Able to be stretched into wires
Able to be stretched into wires
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Reactivity series
A list of metals which shows them in order of their reactivity, with the most reactive at the top.
A list of metals which shows them in order of their reactivity, with the most reactive at the top.
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Electronegativity
A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons
A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons
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Noble gases
Elements in Group 18 of the periodic table. Have no charge and are gases under normal conditions. (Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon)
Elements in Group 18 of the periodic table. Have no charge and are gases under normal conditions. (Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon)
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Halogens
Contains nonmetals, 7 valence electrons in it's outermost energy level. Very reactive
Contains nonmetals, 7 valence electrons in it's outermost energy level. Very reactive
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Alkali Earths
Group 2 elements
Group 2 elements
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Ionic bonding
The attraction between oppositely charged ions
The attraction between oppositely charged ions
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Non-metals
An element that tends to be a poor conductor of heat and electric current; these generally have properties opposite to those of metals.
An element that tends to be a poor conductor of heat and electric current; these generally have properties opposite to those of metals.
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Valence electrons
Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom
Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom
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Atom
The basic building block of all materials; it consists of neutrons and protons surrounded by a cloud of electrons
The basic building block of all materials; it consists of neutrons and protons surrounded by a cloud of electrons
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Atomic model
The fundamental building block of all materials; it consists of a bunch of neutrons and protons surrounded by a cloud of electrons
The fundamental building block of all materials; it consists of a bunch of neutrons and protons surrounded by a cloud of electrons
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Atomic number
The number of protons in a neucleus; the atomic number determines what type of atom it is
The number of protons in a neucleus; the atomic number determines what type of atom it is
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Atomic symbol
A short-hand notation for describing an atom; it consists of the chemical "letter(s)", atomic number and mass number
A short-hand notation for describing an atom; it consists of the chemical "letter(s)", atomic number and mass number
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Compound
A pure substance that is made up of two or more different types of atom chemically bound together
A pure substance that is made up of two or more different types of atom chemically bound together
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Electron
A small, negatively charged particle; clouds of electrons surround the nucleus of an atom
A small, negatively charged particle; clouds of electrons surround the nucleus of an atom
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Electron configuration
The number of electrons in each of the electron shells of an atom
The number of electrons in each of the electron shells of an atom
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Electron shell
Part of the electron cloud; it is a layer that surrounds the nucleus and can only hold a certain number of electrons
Part of the electron cloud; it is a layer that surrounds the nucleus and can only hold a certain number of electrons
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Element
A substance made up of only one type of atom
A substance made up of only one type of atom
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Ion
An atom that has gained or lost electrons and therefore has an electric charge
An atom that has gained or lost electrons and therefore has an electric charge
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Isotope
Atoms that have the same number of protons (atomic number) but a different number of neutrons in their nucleus
Atoms that have the same number of protons (atomic number) but a different number of neutrons in their nucleus
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The number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus
Mass number
Mass number
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Molecule
A cluster of atoms that makes up an element or a compound
A cluster of atoms that makes up an element or a compound
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Neutron
A particle in the nucleus of an atom having the same mass as a proton but no overall charge
A particle in the nucleus of an atom having the same mass as a proton but no overall charge
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Describes any rays or particles released by atomic nuclei
Nuclear radiation
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The centre of an atom, containing protons & neutrons
Nucleus
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Characteristics of a substance that determine how it will react with other substances.
Chemical properties
Chemical properties
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A table showing the symbols and often data of all 118 known types of atoms (elements)
Periodic table
Periodic table
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A positively charged particle in the nucleus
Proton
Proton