chem lab quiz 5

What are two properties of a good extraction solvent?

1. Should readily dissolve the substance to be extracted at room temperature.

2. Should have a low boiling point so that it can be removed readily.

What physical property determines if a layer is on the top or bottom in an extraction experiment?

The least dense solvent will be the top layer.

What is the major advantage of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) over diethyl ether as an extraction solvent?

It does not easily form peroxides, allowing for longer storage without as high of a fire threat.

List two steps in the work-up of a liquid/liquid extraction.

1. Mixing the layers

2. Separating the layers

Why do most combinations of extraction solvents include water?

Most organic compounds are immiscible in water, allowing separation from inorganic compounds.

List the three compounds separated in the Acid/Base liquid/liquid extraction.

Phenol, naphthalene, and aniline.

Which compound separated is the most acidic?

Phenol is the most acidic.

Which compound separated is not acidic?

Naphthalene is the least acidic.