chem lab quiz 5

1. What are 2 properties of a good extraction solvent?

- Should readily dissolve the substance to be extracted at room temperature.

- Should have a low boiling point so that it can be removed readily.

2.Which physical property determines if a layer is on the top or on the bottom for an extraction experiment?

- The least dense solvent will be the top layer.

3. What is the major advantage of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) over diethyl ether as an extraction solvent?

- It does not easily form peroxides, so it can be stored for much longer periods than diethyl ether so it is not as big of a fire threat.

4. List two steps in the work-up of a liquid/liquid extraction.

- It has four steps:

(1) mixing the layers

(2) separating the layers

(3) drying the organic layer

 (4) removing the solvent.

5. Why do most combinations of extraction solvents include water?

- Most organic compounds are immiscible in water and therefore can be separated from inorganic compounds.

6. List the three compounds that will be separated in the Acid/Base liquid/liquid extraction.

- phenol, naphthalene, and aniline

7. Which compound will we be separating that is most acidic?

- phenol is the most acidic

8. Which compound which we will be separating is not acidic?-

- naphthalene is the least acidic