Health Semester Exam

made by gavin

Self Esteem

Self Esteem

how much you value, respect, and feel confident about yourself

integrity

the characteristic of doing what one knows is right

Passive

not offering opposition when challenged or pressured

Assertive

direct and respectful in the way one expresses oneself

Empathy

the ability to understand another person's feelings, behaviors, and attitudes

Defense Mechanism

an unconscious behavior used to avoid experiencing unpleasant emotions

Compensation

making up for a weakness in one area by achieving in another

Displacement

shifting feelings about one person or situation to another person or situation

Rationalization

making excuses for or justifying behavior

Regression

reacting to emotions in a childlike or immature fashion

Sublimation

redirecting negative impulses into positive behavior

Depression

a sadness and hopelessness that keeps a person from carrying out everyday activities

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

repeated disturbing and unwanted thoughts, ritual behaviors that are perceived as impossible to control such as repeatedly washing one's hands

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

avoidance of experiences that could trigger memories of a traumatic experience such as wartime experiences or abuse

Hypochondria

belief of illness, despite none being present

Bipolar Disorder

uncontrollable cycles of extreme happiness and then depression

Schizophrenia

false perceptions of reality, hallucinations and/or delusions

Epinephrine

one of the hormones that are released by the body in times of stress

Stressor

any situation that puts a demand on the body or mind

Distress

a negative stress that can make a person sick or can keep a person from reaching a goal

Resiliency

the ability to recover from illness, hardship, and other stressors

Prioritize

To arrange items in order of importance

neglect

the failure of a caretaker to provide for basic needs such as food, clothing, or love

Domestic violence

the use of force to control and maintain power over a spouse in the home

hazing

harassing newcomers to a group in an abusive and humiliating way

Sexual harassment

any unwanted remark, behavior, or touch that has sexual content

Date rape

sexual intercourse that is forced on a victim by someone the victim knows

carbohydrate

a class of energy-giving nutrients; also the main form of energy storage in the body

protein

a class of nutrients that are made up of amino acids, which are needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes in the body

vitamin

a class of nutrients that contain carbon and are needed in small amounts to maintain health and allow growth

Mineral

a class of nutrients that are chemical elements that are needed for certain body processes, such as enzyme activity and bone formation

Nutrient Deficiency

the state of not having enough of a nutrient to maintain good health

Recommended dietary allowances

recommended nutrient intakes that will meet the needs of almost all healthy people

Nutrient density

a measure of the nutrients in a food compared with the energy the food provides

vegan

a person who follows the diet of not consuming any products produced by animals

overweight

being heavy for one's height

obesity

having excess body fat for one's weight: the state of weighing more than 20 percent above your recommended body weight

heredity

the passing down of traits from parents to their biological child

Weight management

a program of sensible eating and exercise habits that keep weight at a healthy level

Fad diet

a diet that requires a major change in eating habits and promises quick weight loss (NOT FDA APPROVED)

Anorexia nervosa

an eating disorder that involves self-starvation, distorted body image, and a low body weight.

Bulimia nervosa

an eating disorder in which the individual repeatedly eats large amounts of food and then uses behaviors such as vomiting or using laxatives to rid the body of the food

Binge eating/bingeing

eating a large amount of food in one sitting, usually accompanied by a feeling of being out of control

purging

engaging in behaviors such as vomiting or misusing laxatives to rid the body of the food

food allergy

an abnormal response to a food that is triggered by the immune system

lactose intolerance

the inability to completely digest the milk sugar lactose

Food-borne illness

an illness caused by eating or drinking a food that contains a toxin or disease causing mircroorganism

cross-contamination

the transfer of contaminants from one food to another

Side effect

any effect that is caused by a drug and that is different from the drug's intended effect

Prescription

a written order from a doctor for a specific medicine

Who a prescription belongs to

Only the person to whom it was prescribed to

Over the Counter Medicine (OTC)

any medicine that can be bought without a prescription

Psychoactive drug

a drug that affects the brain and changes how a person perceives, thinks, or feels

Generic medicine

a medicine made by a company other than the company that developed the original medicine

Active ingredient

the chemical component that gives a medicine its action

Drug interaction

when a drug reacts with another drug, food, or dietary supplement such that the effect of one of the substances is greater or smaller

Addiction

a condition in which a person can no longer control his or her drug use

Drug tolerance

a condition in which a user needs more of a drug to get the same effect

Physical dependence

a condition in which the body relies on a given drug in order to function

withdrawal

uncomfortable physical and psychological symptoms produced when a physically dependent drug user stops using drugs

Intoxication

the physical and mental changes produced by drinking alcohol

Blood alcohol concentration (BAC)

the amount of alcohol in a person's blood, expressed as a percentage

Binge drinking

the act of drinking five or more drinks in one sitting

Cirrhosis

a deadly disease that replaces healthy liver tissue with scar tissue; most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse

Alcoholism

a disease that causes a person to lose control of his or her drinking behavior; a physical and emotional addiction to alcohol

enabling

helping an addict avoid the negative consequences of his or her behavior

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

a set of physical and mental defects that affect a fetus that has been exposed to alcohol because of the mother's consumption of alcohol during pregnancy

Designated driver

a person who chooses not to drink in a social setting so that he or she can safely drive himself or herself and others

Nicotine

the highly addictive drug that is found in all tobacco products

Carcinogen

any chemical or agent that causes cancer

Tar

a sticky, black substance in tobacco smoke that coats the inside of the airways and that contains many carcinogens

Emphysema

a respiratory disease in which air cannot move in and out of alveoli because they become blocked or lose their elasticity

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD)

a disorder that is a combination of chronic bronchitis and obstructive emphysema

Drug abuse

the intentional improper or unsafe use of a drug

Overdose

the taking of too much of a drug, which causes sickness, loss of consciousness, permanent damage, or even death

Marijuana

the dried flowers and leaves of the plant Cannabis sativa that are smoked or mixed in food and eaten for intoxicating effects

GHB

G, liquid X that is snorted or eaten for intoxication effects

PCP

Special K, K, Vitamin k, and angel dust which are all injected, snorted, or smoked

Ecstasy

Drug that is swallowed or snorted to cause intoxication that consists of hallucinations, loss of judgement, and increased energy

Anabolic steroids

Known as raids or juice, this drug has no intoxication effects, however, it has so many negative side effects

Stimulants

a drug that temporarily increases a person's energy and alertness

Depressants

a drug that causes relaxation and sleepiness

Opiates

a group of highly addictive drugs derived from the poppy plant that are used as pain relievers, anesthetics, and sedatives

Hallucinogens

a drug that distorts perceptions, causing the user to see or hear things that aren't real

Methamphetamine

A stimulant that is snorted, injected, smoked, or swallowed that causes many negative side effects, such as death

Cocaine

a stimulant that loses the user's appetite, raises anxiety, causes restlessness and hyperactivity, and comes with the risk of death

rohypnol

a depressant that has a powerful hypnotic potential, often used to date rape.

Heroin

A highly addictive opiate that has very serious side effects

LSD

A hallucinogen that causes very bad side effects and can be very frightening

recovering

the process of learning to live without drugs

Intervention

confronting a drug user about his or her drug abuse problem to stop him or her from using drugs

Relapse

a return to using drugs while trying to recover from drug addiction

Sperm

the sex cell that is produced by the testes and is needed to fertilize an egg

Egg

The sex cell that is produced by the ovaries that can be fertilized by sperm

Fertilization

The process by which a sperm and an egg and their genetic material join to create a new human life

Testis

the male reproductive organ that makes sperm and testosterone

Semen

a fluid made up of sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive organs

Ovary

the female reproductive organ that produces eggs and the hormones estrogen and progesterone

Fallopian tube

the female reproductive organ that transports an egg from the ovary to the uterus

Uterus

the female reproductive organ that provides a place to support a developing human