Abpsych midterm and long quiz reviewer for deptals

A. Biological and psychological causes

The best description of the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology is that it is based on?

A. Multidimensional

your uncle spent most of his teen yrs in the hospital undergoing treatment for a sever physical illness. as an adult, rather shy than withdrawn, particularly around women. he has been diagnosed with a social phobia. which you believe is entirely due to a lack of socialization during his teen years. your theory of what caused the caused his phobia is

b. developmental differences

amanda is 12 years old and her sister samantha is 5 years old. while riding a car with their parents, the girls witnessed an automobile accident where a number of people are injured. the girls react differently. this is probably due to

b. polygenic

most psychological disorders are influenced by many individual genes rather than caused by one single gene, a process referred to as

Violating Social norms

Mark dyed his hair purple. However his friends like the color and his older aunts have given him strange looks. Mark is applying for jobs and has yet to have any job offers. He suspects potential employers are not taking him seriously

d. multiple genes interact, with each gene contributing a small effect

recent evidences regarding the genetic influence on most psychological disorders has show that

c. an inherited tendency or condition that makes a person susceptible to developing a disorder.

in the diathesis-stress model, diathesis refers to

c. reciprocal-gene environment

john has inherited a personality trait that makes him more likely to keep himself from socializing. as a result, he does not have many friends and spends a lot of time alone. If john were to develop depression, the model that would probably best explain this situation and the cause of his depression is

d. values of society may change overtime

the facts that body piercings are a commonplace today while they would have been viewed as abnormal illustrates that

a. classification of systems allows information to be organized

what is the reason for classifying mental disorders.

c. the automatic and often incorrect beliefs people have about people with mental illness.

stereotyping is an example of stigma of mental illness. it means _______.

B. is maria’s belief consistent with the belief of her culture?

Maria’s believes that her dead grandmother occasionally speaks to her. In deciding if Maria has a mental illness or not, which of the following should first be evalauted?

d. the study of the distribution of a disorder in a population

what is epidemiology?

a. it is common

what does it mean if a disorder is said to be highly prevalent?

d. any behaviour that deviates from the norms of the society in which the person lives.

practically speaking, “abnormal” behavior means

b. incidence rate

the mayor of the city wants to know the number f new cases of a disorder over the past year. The mayor soul ask an epidemiologist for the

d. it increases the researcher’s ability to generalize finding to the larger group

why would a researcher want to ensure that every person in the larger group of study has an equal chance of being included in the sample?

b. control

in dr. lu’s study of eating disorders, she looked at the academic histories of the girls with eating disorders and girls who do not have such problems. in this example, the girls without eating disorders are the _______ group.

d. there is an association among the variables, but no causal inferences should be drawn

Dr. Gordon finds that heroin-addicted adults almost always smoked cigarettes and drank alcohol when they were young adolescents. Knowing this strong association, we can conclude that

C. experimental

A researcher who provides a certain treatment for one group and withholds treatment from an utterly comparable group is the ______ research method.

a. dependent variable

in the study of the effects on ice cream on mood, the mood after ice cream exposure can be described as what?

b. diathesis-stress model

which of the models explains that individuals inherit tendencies to express certain traits or behaviors, which may be activated under stress conditions?

A. gaba

the neurotransmitter seems to be involved in our emergency reactions or alarm responses?

b. Learned helplessnness

in the studies of Seligman et al., the phenomenon occurs when animals realize that whatever they do, they will get shocked. Thus, it will not affect their environment and become passive.

d. diagnosis

what do we call the process by which we determine whether the particular problem afflicting the individual meets all criteria for a psychological disorder.

a. single-case experimental design

a researcher wants to know how different kinds of music affect a 5-year-old who has never spoken.

d. anxiety

this is a negative mood state characterized by bodily symptoms of physical tension and apprehension about the future.

a. stress hormne

cortisol is also known as?

a. bdd

ideas of reference are common to a person with?

a. preoccupation with acquiring serious diseases.

all of these are criteria for panic attack except.

b. GAD

Free floating anxiety is present with?

b. animal phobia

children ARE MORE LIKELY to develop which type of phobia.

a. aggression, suicide and impulsive behavior

extremely low activity levels of serotonins are associated with

c. control

individuals with OCPD are primarily motivated by a need for one or more of the following?

B. DID

the official name of multiple personality disorder

d. selective events, particularly those involving interpersonal issues

in dissociative amnesia, the individual typically has no memory of.

c. jason has schizophrenia

which of the following is best way to describe someone with a psychological disorder?

B. MDD

in the opening clinical case, Mary M. reported lack of energy, difficulty concentrating and loss of interest in activities she previously enjoyed. From this information, which of the following is most likely diagnosis for Mary M.?

d. all of the above are common symptoms of depression

which of the following is not considered a common symptoms of depression?

psychomotor retardation or agitation

sleeping too much or too little

feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt

a. major depressive disorder

according to DSM-5, bereavement-related symptoms are no longer excluded from diagnosis of

d. persistent depressive disorder

which of the following is newly included in the DSM-5?

B. regular bright light exposure

which of the following treatments for seasonal affective disorder is now considered a first line recommendation in APA treatment guidelines for depression?

a. trauma related disorders

traumas that are triggered by exposure to severely stressful events are referred to as

c. an obsession

oscar feels the urge to turn the light switch on and off 12 times before leacing the room.

c. having a recurring fear that one is giving others illnesses when they actually are not.

which of the following is an obsession?

d. both psychodynamic and behavioral

which theories view dissociative disorders as avoidance responses that protect the person from consciously experiencing stressful events.

b. behaviors based on experiences that cannot be consciously recalled.

explicit memory is to a conscious recall of experiences, as implicit memory is to

b. moving away and establishing new identity

among dissociative disorders, dissociative amnesia, subtype-dissociative fugue is characterized by

pre-occupation with acquiring serious diseases

which of the ff are the criteria for panic attack?

b. cultural factors

talking loudly and smoking is more appropriate in an egyptian movie theatre than in american one. this illustrates which norm?

d. is influenced by other dimensions

basis of the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology is that each dimension (psychological, biological, emotional, etc.)

influenced by the other dimensions.

The basis of the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology is that each dimension (psychological, biological, emotional, etc.)

developmental differences.

Amanda is 12 years old, and her sister Samantha is five years old. While riding in a car with their parents, the girls witness a major automobile accident whereseveralf people are injured. The girls react very differently to the accident. This is probably duem

multiple genes Interact, with each gene contributing a small effect

Recent evidence regarding the genetic influence on most psychological disorders has shown that

experimental

researcher who provides a certain treatment for one group and withholds treatment from an utterly comparable group is using the _______ research method.

Emil Kraepelin

Who classifies various psychological disorders from a biological point of view and publishes work on diagnosis?

orbital surface

According to research, patients with OCD have increased activity in the part of the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex called the

Anorexia nervosa

Over the past year, a woman has cooked gourmet meals for her family but eats only tiny servings. This person wears Tayered loose clothing and now has amenorrhea, Her current weight is 95 pounds, a loss of 35 pounds. Which medical diagnosis is most likely?

I'm fat and ugly.

patient with anorexia nervosa stopped eating 5 months ago and lost 25% of body weight. A nurse asks, "Describe what you think about your present weight and how you look." Which response by the patient is most consistent with the diagnosis?

Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements, related to self-starvation

patient admitted to the eating disorders unit has a yellow cast to the skin and fine, downy hair covering the body. The patient weighs 70 pounds; height is 5 feet, 4 inches. The patient is quiet and says only, "I won't eat until I look thin. What is the priority for initial nursing diagnosis?

Not met the criteria for a diagnosis

Ellie is a 1-year-old observed to compulsively eat things that aren't food and don't have any nutritional value or purpose. There was one time that he swallowed a plastic. What diagnosis does he possibly have?

Continuous

least common type of Dissociative Amnesia

Having a car accident

Psychogenic Amnesia; Being raped as a child; Biogenic Amnesia

Personality Disorder

Which among the following would LEAST LIKELY to seek treatment on their own. A person who has?

Situations where escape might be Impossible

Which of the following will MOST LIKELY be avoided of fa person with a panic disorder?

driving a car.

nurse provides health education for an adult with sleep deprivation, it is most important for the nurse to encourage caution when the patient engages in

A. pursuing cleanliness and orderliness by requesting help from others.

Commonly reported compulsions include all of the following EXCEPT

A. pursuing cleanliness and orderliness by requesting help from others.

b. performing repetitive, magical protective acts.

c. repetitive checking to ensure that certain acts are carried out.

d. engaging in elaborate rituals.

OCD tends to begin

between middle childhood and early adulthood

hoarding disorder

The compulsive need to acquire objects and the inability to discard any objects is known as

operant conditioning.

Behavior models of the etiology for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders emphasize

typically begin after a stressful experience

Somatic symptom-related disorders and dissociative disorders are similar in that both

Dissociative identity disorder must involve

at least two distinct personalities.

Selective events, particularly those involving interpersonal issues

Which of the following is an example of mild dissociation?

Emotional

Memories often hold ___ power

depersonalization/derealization disorder

Since watching his mother get hit and killed by a car two years ago, Chris has felt as if he has been watching himself from outside of his body and thinks that voices sound strange. He is probably suffering from

lose their appetite

Most people with anorexia nervosa

Amenorrhea

The loss of menstrual period is known as:

anorexia, restricting type

Cathy stopped eating meals over two months ago. Now she eats very little, and only when under some family pressure. She has lost over 22 pounds, and is now about 15% below normal body weight for her height. She probably has

binge eating disorder

Beatrice has lost control of her eating. She gorges on huge amounts of high-fat fast foods, eating as much as 2000 calories in 30 minutes. She is gaining weight rapidly, and weighs over 170 pounds. Which disorder best fits Beatrice's symptoms?

both children and adolescents.

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder involves

any behavior that deviates from the norms of the society in which the person lives.

Practically speaking, "abnormal" behavior means