Islam vocab quiz AP world

Sheik

The ruler of an Arabic tribe, usually selected from one of the leading families by a council of elders (Tribe leader).

Allah

Arabic for god; used by both Christian and Muslim Arabs.

Quran

Holy scriptures of the religion of Islam.

Islam

Monotheistic religion that emerged on the Arab peninsula in the 7th century C.E (submission to God).

Muslim

A person who believes in Islam. ( one who submits to God.)

Hijrah

The journey of Muhammad and his followers to Medinah in 622 C.E; the date of the starting year of the Muslim calendar. (When they escaped from Mecca.)

Bedouin

A nomadic Arab who lives in the Arabian Syrian or North African desert.

Hajj

A pilgrimage to Mecca, one of the requirements of the five pillars of Islam

Shariah

A law code drawn up by Muslim scholars of Muhammad’s death; it provides believers with a set of practical laws to regulate their daily lives.

Caliph

The spiritual successor to Muhammad

Jihad

Struggle in the way of God; sometimes referred to as the sixth pillar of Islam.

Vizier

A high government official in ancient Egypt or in Muslim countries.

Sultan

“Holder of power”; the military and political head of state under the Seljuk Turks and the ottomans.

Dar al islam

Haise of Islam; a term used to describe the Islamic world.

Jizya

A tax imposed by the Islamic caliphs on people who refused to convert to Islam.

Madrasas

Institutions of higher learning in the Islamic world.

Sufis

Muslim mystics who focused more on a relationship with Allah that was based on estatic singing or dancing rather than religious doctrine.

Qibla

The direction facing the Kaaba that Muslims must pray.

Umma

Community of believers (Muslims).

Imam

Worship leader of a mosque

Ulama

Islam scholar

Qadi

A judge in Islamic societies; important roles in interpreting sharian law throughout the Islamic world.

Five pillars of Islam

1. Declaration of faith

2. Obligatory prayer

3. Compulsory giving

4. Fasting in the month of Ramadan

5. Pilgram to Mecca

Declaration of god (Shahada)

“There is no god but God and Muhammad is the messenger of God.”

Obligatory prayer (salah).

Praying 5 times a day in the direction of Mecca.

Compulsory giving (zakat).

Giving to charities. 2.57% of a persons income.

Fasting in the month of Ramadan (sawn).

The time of the year when Muhammad received the revelations from God. This is casually determined by the phase of the moon. Muslims may not eat or drink from sunrise to sun down.

Pilgrim to Mecca (hajj)

Muslims are expected to travel to Mecca at least once in their lifetime, no matter where they’re living. This is called hajj. Six days are spent in Mecca visiting sites of religious and historical significance.