HIST 1301 -- Exam I Study Guide

Flashcards generated from the HIST 1301 Exam I Study Guide, focusing on key historical terms and concepts from AP Chapters 1-7, including colonization, colonial society, and the path to revolution.

Three Cs of Historical Thinking

A framework for historical analysis, often referring to Context, Causality, and Change/Continuity (or Contingency).

The Columbian Exchange

The widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, diseases, and ideas between the Americas, West Africa, and the Old World in the 15th and 16th centuries.

Roanoke Colony

Known as the 'Lost Colony,' an early English attempt at settlement in North America, led by figures like John White, that mysteriously disappeared.

Jamestown

The first permanent English settlement in North America, established in Virginia in 1607, significantly influenced by figures like Captain John Smith.

English versus Spanish colonization

Differences in motives, settlement patterns, treatment of indigenous populations, and economic systems between English and Spanish colonial efforts in the Americas.

Indentured Servants

Individuals who voluntarily worked for a period of years (typically 4-7) in exchange for passage to the New World, food, lodging, and other provisions.

Colonial Slavery

The system of forced labor, primarily of enslaved Africans, that became central to the economies of the American colonies, particularly in the South.

Triangular Trade

A transatlantic trading network that operated from the late 16th to early 19th centuries, carrying enslaved people, cash crops, and manufactured goods between West Africa, the Caribbean or American colonies, and the European colonial powers.

Bacon’s Rebellion

An armed rebellion in 1676 led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor William Berkeley in Virginia, involving a coalition of poor white and black peoples, driven by land hunger and grievances against the colonial elite.

Salem Witchcraft Trials

A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts between February 1692 and May 1693.

The Great Awakening of the 1730s

A series of religious revivals that swept across the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, significantly influenced by preachers like Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield, emphasizing personal religious experience and challenging established church authority.

The French and Indian War

The North American theater of the Seven Years' War, fought between Great Britain and France, with various Native American allies, from 1754 to 1763, involving military leaders such as George Washington, resulting in British territorial dominance.

Proclamation of 1763

A British decree that restricted colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains after the French and Indian War, aimed at preventing conflict with Native Americans.

Mercantilism

An economic theory prevalent in the 17th and 18th centuries that held that a nation's power was directly related to its wealth, especially in gold and silver, and advocated for government regulation of trade to achieve a favorable balance.

Salutary Neglect

An unofficial British policy of relaxed enforcement of parliamentary laws, especially trade laws, on the American colonies from the late 17th to mid-18th centuries, allowing them significant self-governance.