APUSH UNIT 8

USS Maine

U.S. Battleship that exploded in Havana Harbor in 1898; Evidence suggests an internal explosion, however Spanish military was framed by Yellow Journalism; The incident was a catalyst for the Spanish American War

Anti Imperialist league

a group that opposed the treaty and the creation of an American colonial empire

Open Door Policy

A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China.

insular cases

Determined that inhabitants of U.S. territories had some, but not all, of the rights of U.S. citizens. (1901)

Platt Amendment

Us had final say on Cuban Affairs (1901)

Roosevelt Corollary

Addition to the Monroe Doctrine asserting America's right to intervene in Latin American affairs. police of latin affairs

Emilio Aguinaldo

Filipino who was lead both the Phillipine revolution against Spain and then the United States

Muckrakers

A group of investigative reporters who pointed out the abuses of big business and the corruption of urban politics; included Frank Norris (The Octopus) Ida Tarbell (A history of the standard oil company) Lincoln Steffens (the shame of the cities) and Upton Sinclair (The Jungle) 1906

Initiative

A procedure by which voters can propose a law or a constitutional amendment.

Referendum

A state-level method of direct legislation that gives voters a chance to approve or disapprove proposed legislation or a proposed constitutional amendment.

Recall

procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office after 2 years

Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act

1906, authorized Secretary of Agriculture to inspect and condemn any meat product found unfit for human consumption/ all labels on any type of food had to be accurate

Dollar Diplomacy

Foreign policy created under President Taft that had the U.S. exchanging financial support ($) for the right to "help" countries make decisions about trade and other commercial ventures. Basically it was exchanging money for political influence in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Grifford Pinchot

led the Division of Forestry in the U.S. Department of Agriculture- recommended that forests be preserved for public use- views came to dominate American policies toward natural resources

John Muir

(1838-1914) Naturalist who believed the wilderness should be preserved in its natural state. He was largely responsible for the creation of Yosemite National Park in California.

New Freedom

Woodrow Wilson's domestic policy that, promoted antitrust modification, tariff revision, and reform in banking and currency matters.

Federal Reserve Act

a 1913 law that set up a system of federal banks and gave government the power to control the money supply

Clayton Anti Trust Act

law that weakened monopolies and upheld the rights of unions and farm organizations

Lusitania

A British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-Boat on May 7, 1915. 128 Americans died. The sinking greatly turned American opinion against the Germans, helping the move towards entering the war.

Louis D. Brandeis

wrote the book Other People's Money and How the Bankers Use it. Further showed the problems of the American banking system. Wilson nominated him to the supreme court making him the first jew in that position.

Zimmerman Note

1917 - Germany sent this to Mexico instructing an ambassador to convince Mexico to go to war with the U.S. It was intercepted and caused the U.S. to mobilized against Germany, which had proven it was hostile

Fourteen Points

The war aims outlined by President Wilson in 1918, which he believed would promote lasting peace; called for self-determination, freedom of the seas, free trade, end to secret agreements, reduction of arms and a league of nations.

Committee on Public Information

Organization also known as the Creel Commision which was responsible for rallying American's around the war effort through propaganda

Schenck vs. US

argued that freedom of speech could be revoked when such speech posed a danger to the nation.

National War Labor Board

A board that negotiated labor disputes and gave workers what they wanted to prevent strikes that would disrupt the war

Nineteenth Amendment

The constitutional amendment adopted in 1920 that guarantees women the right to vote.

League of Nations

A world organization established in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace. It was first proposed in 1918 by President Woodrow Wilson, although the United States never joined the League. Essentially powerless, it was officially dissolved in 1946.

Treaty of Versailles

the treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans

Eugene V. Debs

Head of the American Railway Union and director of the Pullman strike; he was imprisoned along with his associates for ignoring a federal court injunction to stop striking. While in prison, he read Socialist literature and emerged as a Socialist leader in America.

American Expeditionary Force

About 2 million Americans went to France as members of this under General John J. Pershing. Included the regular army, the National Guard, and the new larger force of volunteers and draftees and they served as individuals