Final Assessment Spring Semester Honors Physics

The charged part of an atom

Electrons and protons

Uncharged part of atom

Neutrons

Electrons can be gained or lost bcause they are...

Loosely bound in the atom

Electrical force betweeb 2 objects depends on

Distance and charges

Electrical force increases between two objects when

Distance is less, charge is more

Electrical force decreases between two objects when

Distance is more, charge is less

If electrical circuits were comparible to water parks voltage would be comparable to

Water pressure

If electrical circuits were comparible to water parks current would be comparable to

Flow of water, # of charges flowing per second

Parts of a Lithium Ion Battery

How does lightning occur?

Negative charges gather near the base of the cloud, while positive charges build in the top of the cloud.

How do sensors work

by detecting changes in their environment and converting them into measurable electrical signals

How does a generator work

Moves magnets through a coil creating a magnetic field creating an electrical current

the ______ of a sound wave determines a sounds pitch

frequency

Surface ripples on water are an example of _________ waves.

transverse

In a longitudinal wave, the space where there are few particles is called a ______.

rarefaction

A ________ is a disturbance that moves energy through space or matter.

wave

A ___________ is made when an object surpasses the speed of sound (343 m/s - Mach 1).

sonic boom

Sound is a _____ wave because the medium moves back and forth in the same direction as the energy.

longitudinal

The _________ of a transverse wave is the highest point, or point of maximum amplitude, of the wave.

crest

The sound of an approaching train whistle increases in pitch because of the _______ effect.

Doppler

Sounds that people cannot hear that are below a certain threshold are called ____ sounds.

infrasonic

Air is one ________ through which sound can travel. Water is another example.

medium

The frequency of sound waves is measured in units called ________.

Hertz

In a sound wave, the space where air particles are pushed together is called ________.

compression

A ________ wave is produced by an object that causes air molecules to vibrate.

sound

Wave ______ refers to the maximum distance medium molecules are displaced.

amplitude

The lowest displacement of a transverse wave is called the ___________.

trough

A rocket engine produces a wave of high _____, which registers 200 on the decibel scale.

intensity

Dogs can hear _______ sounds in the 25,000 Hz range.

ultrasonic

The distance for a wave to complete one oscillation is known as the _______.

wavelength

The phenomenon of _________ is exhibited when an opera singer breaks a wine glass.

resonance

fastest thing in the universe

speed of light

speed of light

3 x 10^8

When light does not bounce off a material but rather is harnessed in as heat, this is called ____________.

absorption

The _____ determines how much light bends when it reaches a new medium.

index of refraction

Unlike a sound wave, a ________________ wave requires no medium to travel through.

light

The space where there is no material is called a __________.

vacuum

When light passes through transparent material, this is known as ______.

transmission

The _____ is what a wave is passing through.

medium

You can see yourself in a mirror because light undergoes __________ when hitting the opaque surface.

reflection

A _____ is what is considered to make up light and behave as both a wave and particle.

photon

When light passes through a non-uniform material and points in several directions, it undergoes ____.

scattering

If a photon is predicted to behave as a _________, it should pass straight through a slit in a straight line.

particle

___ is the bending of light when it reaches a new medium.

refraction

A reflected light ray usually has a lower ______ because it loses energy when some is transmitted.

intensity

The sun emits a specific type of non-visible light that can be harmful to our skin, this is called _____ light.

ultraviolet

Snakes and other animals hunt using a type of non-visible light called _______ which is associated with temperature.

infrared

elastic collision

bounce off

inelastic collision

stick together

kinetic energy

energy due to motion

potential energy

stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object

The electrical force between two objects mainly depends on what two quantities?

The charges and the distance between them.

electrical force increases when

charge increases, distance decreases

electrical force decreases when

charge decreases, distance increases

what does a resistor do

hinders the flow of electricity