BIOL 1407 CH 26 Notes

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12 Terms

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Origin of Land Plants

About 1 billion years ago, a cyanobacterium was engulfed by an early eukaryote and became a chloroplast (primary endosymbiosis).

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Primary Endosymbiosis

Photosynthetic eukaryotes.

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Synapomorphy of Chloroplasts

Glaucophytes, Red Algae, Green Algae.

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Green Algae as Relatives

Coleochaetophytes, Charaphytes.

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Alternation of Generations

Gametophyte (haploid) and sporophyte (diploid).

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Sporophyte Generation

Haploid spores by meiosis.

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Gametophyte Generation

Haploid gametes by mitosis.

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Nonvascular Plants

Marchantiophyta (liverworts), Bryophyta (mosses), Anthocerophyta (hornworts).

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Vascular Tissue

Xylem (transports water) and Phloem (transports sugars).

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Phylum Lycophyta

Club mosses, spike mosses, and quillworts.

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Phylum Monilophyta

Ferns and horsetails.

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Homospory vs. Heterospory

Homospory = one type of spore; Heterospory = two types of spores (microspore and megaspore).