Exam 2 - part 5, local, neural, hormonal control

local control refers to autoregulation of blood flow. What does this mean?

ability of tissues to regulate their own blood supply

what secretes vasoactive chemicals to stimulate the vasomotor response

platelets, endothelial cells, perivascular tissue

what are some chemicals which cause VD

NO, prostacyclin

what are some examples of VC chemicals

endothelin I, angiotensin II, thromboxane A2

in local control, reactive hyperemia is when blood supply is cut off then restored causing flow to ____ above ___

increase, normal

the central and autonomic nervous systems exerting control over blood vessel size refers to what

neural control

the vasomotor center of the medulla exerts ___ control over blood vessels

sympathetic

sympathetic control by the medulla stimulates most vessels to ____ but vessels in the cardiac muscle ___

constrict, dilate

what is the vasomotor center the integrating center for

baroreflexes, chemoreflexes, medullary ischemic reflex

t/f

baroreceptors govern long-term regulation of BP

false, short-term

what is the primary role of neural control? secondary?

adjust respiration

vasomotion

a medullary ischemic reflex is a response to a drop in perfusion of what

brain

t/f

the medulla monitors its own blood supply

true

hormones influencing BP is part of ___ control

hormonal

Angiotensin II is a potent _____ that raises BP, promotes ___ and ___ retention by kidneys, and increased ____ and _____

VC, sodium, water, blood volume, pressure

in most blood vessels, Epinephrine and NE bind to ___ receptors causing ___

alpha-adrenergic, VC

in skeletal muscles and coronary blood vessels, Epinephrine and NE bind to ___ receptors and cause ____

beta-adrenergic, VD

Aldosterone promotes ___ reabsorption. ADH promotes ___ reabsorption.

sodium, water

what increases urinary sodium excretion thus reducing blood volume and promoting VD to lower BP

atrial natriuretic peptide

what are the 2 purposes for VD and VC

1. control of BP

2. routing blood from one region to another

increasing BP requires ____ or ____

medullary vasomotor center, circulation of hormone