envs

Portable water

Is unpolluted fresh water ffsuitablw for drinking

Hydronic cycle

All water of plants giving off water

Evapotranspiration

The process of plants giving off water

Runoff

Is surface water that moves acrreoo the surface of the land and enters streams and rivers

Groundwater

Water that fills space in te substance

Aquifer

Water enters the soil is either taken up by plant roots or moves downward until it reaches an impervious layer of rock and accumulates in porous strata called

Aquifer

Is a underground layer of gravel sand or permeable rock that holds groundwater that can be extracted by wells

Unconfined aquifer

Is usually near lands surface

Water table

The top layer saturated with water is

Vadose zone

Zone of aeration is the area above the water table unsaturated with water

Confined aquifer

Is bounded on top and bottom by layers impermeable to water

Aquiclude

Am impervious confining layer is called

Aquitard

Permeable confining layer

Porosity

Measure of he size and # of spaces in the substrate

Clean water act

Protect water from pollution specifically setting water quality standards for surface water limiting efficient discharge into thw water

In stream water uses

Makes use of water in its channels and basins

Biochemical oxygen demand

Is the amount of O2 required to decay a certain amount of organic matter

Euphotrophication

Is excessive growth of algae and aquatic plants due to added nutrients

Point source

Is a source of pollution reactily located and identified

No point sources

Are more difficult to identify and control

Thermal pollution

Occurs industry withdraws water from a source uses it for cooling purposes and returns heate water to it original source

Water quality act

Requires that municipality after permits for discharge of storm runoff as that no point pollution sources are controlled

Water diversion

The process of transforming water from 1 area to another

Primary sewage treatment

Removes large particles via filter action and then pumps remaining water into setting ponds and lakes

Secondary sewage treatment

A biological process that usually follows primary treatment

Trickling filtration system

Waste water is sprayed over a surface of rock or other substrates to increase the amount of dissolved 02

Sewage sludge

A mixture of organisms and other particulate matter that have settled out during the treatment process

Tertiary sewage treatment

A additional stage to remove inorganic nutrients

Silinization

An increase in salinity caused by growing slat concentration in soil

Ground water mining

Removing water from a aquifer faste than it can be replenished

78.1% nitrogen 20.9% o2

The atmosphere is composed of

Troposphere

Extends from the earths surface to about 10kn above the earth has the most water vapor

Stratosphere

Extends from the top of the troposphere to about 31 miles above the earth

Mesosphere

31-50 miles above the earth

Thermosphere

186 miles above the earth

Pollution

Is any additi8on of matter or energy that degrades the environment for humans and other organisms

Air pollution

Is directly related to the # of people living in an area and the kinds of activities in which they ate involved

Secondary air pollutants

Form by reactions of primary pollutants and water or sunlight (ozone)

Criteria air pollutants

Are those pollutants for which specific air quality standards have been set by the USEPA

Hazardous air pollutants

Certain compounds with high toxicity are known as

Automobile

Larges contributor of carbon monoxide

Particular matter

Consists oof tiny particles and liquid droplets dispersed into the atmosphere

Sulfur dioxide

A compound of sulfur and o2 produced when sulfur containing fossil fuels are burned

Oxides of nitrogen

Are formed when fossils fuels are burned

Lead

Can enter the body through breathing airborne particles or consuming lead deposited of surfaces

Volatile organic compounds

Are organic compounds that readily evaporate and become pollutants in the air

Ozone

A secondary air pollutant formed as a production of photochemical smog

Hazardous air pollutants

Are dangerous chemical compounds that cause harm to health or damage the environment. That are purposely. Or accidentally releases into the environment

Photochemical smog

Forms from the interaction of nitrogen dioxide nitrogen monoxide and volatile organic compounds with sunlight in a warm environment=onment

Acid deposit

Accumulation of forming particles on the surface

Clean air act

Primary needs of controlling air pollution

Second hand smoke

Exposure to environment Tobacco smoke as a result of living and working in places where people smoke

Greenhouse effect

Affected similar to what happens in a greenhouse. These gases are called greenhouse gases, and the warming that occur is called.

Global warming

Relates to an average increase in temperature atmosphere

Carbon dioxide

Most abundant greenhouse gases, 65% global warming

Methane

Second, most abundant greenhouse

Nitrous oxide

A minor component of a greenhouse gas

Chloroform;uorocarbons

That are minor Greenhouse cast picture

Weather

Short term

Climat

Long term