Studied by 0 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
1) Which is the least developed region among the
following?
A) North America
B) Eastern Europe
C) Southwest Asia
D) Western and Central Europe
E) East Asia
C
2) The total value of the output of goods and services in a
year in a country is its
A) gross national income.
B) primary economic sector.
C) productivity index.
D) value added.
E) gross domestic product.
E
3) Gross domestic product (GDP) is the
A) total value of the outputs minus inputs of goods and
services produced in a country during a year.
B) total value of exports of goods and services produced in
a country during a year.
C) total value of outputs of goods and services produced in
a country during a year.
D) total value of human capital development in a country
during a year.
E) total value of investments made in domestic and foreign
sources of revenue during a year.
C
4) An example of a primary sector activity is
A) education.
B) manufacturing.
C) banking.
D) retailing.
E) mining.
E
5) Processing of computer information is an example of
which sector of the economy?
A) sixth percentile
B) primary and secondary
C) primary
D) tertiary
E) the data sector
D
6) The secondary sector of the economy includes which of
the following?
A) data processing
B) mining
C) government
D) construction
E) banking
D
7) In MDCs, employment is increasing more rapidly in
which of the following sectors?
A) farming
B) primary
C) secondary
D) tertiary
E) fishing
D
8) The primary sector of the economy includes which of
the following?
A) data processing
B) beverage bottling
C) government
D) sheep herding
E) banking
D
9) The value of a product minus the costs of raw materials
and energy is
A) gross domestic product.
B) productivity.
C) tertiary sector analysis.
D) market value.
E) value added.
E
10) ________ is an example of a secondary sector activity.
A) Banking
B) Farming
C) Manufacturing
D) Secondary education
E) Professional football
C
11) In less developed countries, consumer goods such as
telephones, televisions, and motor vehicles are
A) available for sharing by a large number of people.
B) unknown and unfamiliar to most people.
C) essential to rural life.
D) familiar to many but owned by relatively few.
E) available only through local manufacture.
D
12) Examples of material conditions include
A) drinking water and sewage systems.
B) systems of thought.
C) religious institutions.
D) division of jobs into different sectors.
E) political institutions.
A
13) A country that has a higher level of development
exhibits a(n)
A) improvement in material conditions.
B) growth of the output of goods and services.
C) improvement of a product compared to the needed
labor.
D) division of jobs into different sectors.
E) growth of political institutions.
A
14) Per capita GDP is a poor indicator of which of the
following?
A) the approximate level of material well being in a
country
B) the number of countries below the poverty level
C) the distribution of wealth within a country
D) the spatial distribution of global wealth
E) potential for providing all citizens with a comfortable life
C
15) Per capita GDP is a good indicator of which of the
following?
A) the approximate level of spiritual well being in a
country
B) the number of countries below sea level
C) the distribution of wealth within a country
D) the political dimensions of a population
E) potential for providing all citizens with a comfortable
life
E
16) Which of the following is an indicator of a country's
level of development?
A) the number of millionaires
B) the number of newspapers
C) crude death rate
D) natural death rate
E) natural increase rate
E
17) The inequality-adjusted human development index of
the United States is
A) inferior to that of Canada and most Western European
countries.
B) greater than any other country in the world.
C) inferior to that of Canada but superior to most Western
European countries.
D) greater than Canada because a higher percentage of
people in the United States have quality health care.
E) inferior to Western European countries but far superior
to Canada.
A
18) The HDI of Latin American countries is
A) inferior to that of Canada and most Western European
countries.
B) greater than the United States but less than Canada.
C) inferior to that of Canada but superior to most Western
European countries.
D) greater than that of Canada and twice as great as that of
the United States.
E) inferior to Western European countries and far superior
to Canada.
A
19) Compared to less developed countries, more developed
countries have higher rates of
A) literacy.
B) childhood mortality.
C) infectious disease.
D) illiteracy.
E) environmental pollution
A
20) People are more productive in more developed
countries because they
A) work harder.
B) have access to more technology.
C) have a low amount of value added per person.
D) are consistently better educated.
E) understand their jobs better than workers in less
developed countries.
B
21) Even though a higher percentage of GDP is spent on
education in less developed countries,
A) more women than men have access to education in
LDCs.
B) LDCs spend less per pupil than MDCs.
C) LDCs have smaller average class sizes than MDCs.
D) literacy rates are higher in urban areas of LDCs than in
many MDCs.
E) levels of educational attainment are higher in LDCs
B
22) If a country has a large number of publishers and
globally esteemed universities, you might surmise that the
country is most likely
A) neither an LDC nor an MDC.
B) an MDC.
C) an LDC.
D) an LDC that has some of the world's top universities.
E) an MDC that has some of the world's lowest literacy
rates
B
23) Compared to less developed countries, more developed
countries have lower
A) percentages of GDP spent on education.
B) literacy rates.
C) numbers of teachers available per pupil.
D) numbers of years attending school.
E) amounts of spending per student.
A
24) The difference in per capita GDP between the more
developed and less developed regions is
A) widening.
B) remaining constant.
C) decreasing.
D) zero.
E) cycling up and down
B
25) The North American region has high rates of material
development but troubling levels of
A) wealth.
B) inequality.
C) financial and management services.
D) spiritual development.
E) educational attainment.
B
26) The Gender Inequality Index (GII)
A) compares the level of development of women in a
country to the average development level of women in the
world.
B) compares the levels of indicators for females to those of
males within a country.
C) is composed of the same measures as the HDI but is
applied only to women instead of the entire population.
D) combines economic and political indicators of
empowerment.
E) cannot be used as an indicator of development in the
United States.
B
27) Severe gender inequality is a challenge to development
because
A) it leads to smaller family sizes, and families with fewer
child laborers cannot earn enough money to pay for their
rent and utilities.
B) it is associated with higher literacy rates, higher
economic vitality, and lower infant mortality rates.
C) it excludes men from the informal economy, wasting a
major economic asset.
D) it severely limits the economic and social mobility of
women, as well as families that are headed by women.
E) it does not allow men and boys the freedom to attend
the schools and seek the jobs that are best suited to them
D
28) In terms of the GII, most African countries have
A) rates far below the United States and Western Europe.
B) rates that exceed the United States and Western Europe
owing to African investment in centers of higher learning.
C) rates that are greater than the United States but less than
Europe.
D) core-periphery models.
E) weak national economies.
A
29) Since 1990, most countries have seen a decline in
previous patterns of
A) gender inequality.
B) gender equality.
C) economic inequality.
D) gender dynamics.
E) innovative agricultural methods.
A
30) Since 1990, most countries have seen an increase in
A) gender equality.
B) gender inequality.
C) gender indices.
D) economic indices.
E) market forces.
A
31) Which of the following is not an indicator of global
gender inequality?
A) Women on average have only two-thirds of the income
of men in MDCs.
B) Women have much lower incomes than men in LDCs.
C) Female life expectancy is less than males in every
country of the world.
D) Female literacy is much lower than males in SubSaharan
Africa.
E) Women hold less than one-fourth of managerial jobs in
LDCs where data are available.
C
32) Gender inequality is a challenge to development
because
A) it leads to larger family sizes.
B) it is associated with higher literacy rates and lower
infant mortality rates.
C) it excludes all women from both the formal and
informal economy.
D) it greatly enhances the economic and social mobility of
women.
E) men are responsible for all economic development in
impoverished areas.
A
33) Although there are fewer developed countries in the
world, altogether they consume about ________ energy as
LDCs.
A) twice as much total
B) the same amount of total
C) five times as much total
D) half as much nonrenewable energy but five times as
much renewable
E) one-tenth as much
B
34) Petroleum reserves in Southwest Asia and North
Africa are
A) clustered primarily in the Persian (Arabian) Gulf states.
B) dispersed throughout the region.
C) concentrated primarily along the Mediterranean Sea.
D) primarily in Syria and Iraq.
E) clustered in fields along the western shore of the Red
Sea
A
35) Saudi Arabia has successfully employed the
international trade alternative primarily because of
A) consumer spending.
B) petroleum reserves.
C) regional cooperation.
D) traditional social customs.
E) its strategic distribution location.
B
36) Analysis of the maps in this chapter shows that the
United States has natural gas fields in
A) Texas but not Oklahoma.
B) the Gulf of Mexico but not the Midwest.
C) the East but not the West.
D) many different areas.
E) the North but not the South.
D
37) Analysis of the maps in this chapter shows that the
United States has petroleum production
A) sufficient to meet its needs without further imports.
B) that is now completely shut down due to taxation.
C) inferior to nearly every other country.
D) at significant levels but must still import oil from other
countries.
E) at levels greater than any other country.
D
38) The maps of U.S. natural gas fields in this chapter
show that the United States has
A) few natural gas fields in Texas and Ohio.
B) the greatest concentration of gas fields in Illinois and
Wisconsin.
C) a greater concentration of natural gas fields in the north.
D) a high concentration of natural gas fields in the Gulf of
Mexico.
E) the lowest number of natural gas fields in Oklahoma
and Texas.
D
39) The United States has
A) lesser coal and natural gas reserves than China.
B) greater natural gas reserves than Russian and lesser coal
reserves than China.
C) a greater concentration of coal reserves in the Gulf of
Mexico.
D) more coal reserves than China or Russia.
E) less coal than any other large country.
D
40) The Chernobyl incident in 1986 involved
A) a nuclear explosion high in the atmosphere.
B) a nuclear missile that misfired and exploded.
C) a nuclear power accident.
D) a massive leak and fire at an oil exploration platform.
E) an explosion and fire at a natural gas field.
C
41) The Chernobyl incident occurred
A) in the United States.
B) in Cuba.
C) in the Soviet Union.
D) in India.
E) in China.
C
42) According to the international trade approach to
development, a country should identify all but which of its
following assets?
A) abundant agricultural products
B) high quality manufactured goods
C) imports that it should limit
D) international consumer preferences
E) abundant mineral resources
C
43) The biggest problem in promoting development
through the international trade alternative is
A) increased demand for many goods.
B) increased price of petroleum.
C) regional cooperation.
D) unequal distribution of resources.
E) consumer demand expanding faster than manufacturing
can increase.
D
44) The principal benefit of the self-sufficiency approach
is to promote
A) balanced growth of all economic sectors.
B) global competitiveness for local industries.
C) the maintenance of a large bureaucracy.
D) unequal distribution of resources.
E) international trade.
A
45) In contrast to the international trade approach, the selfsufficiency
approach to development
A) begins when an elite group initiates innovative
activities.
B) attempts to result in uneven resource development. and
market correction indices.
C) suffers from market stagnation.
D) attempts to spread investment through all sectors of the
economy.
E) attempts to identify appropriate developmental stages.
D
46) Traditional barriers to international trade have included
A) low taxes on imports.
B) making domestic goods more expensive.
C) eliminating quotas on imports.
D) requiring licenses for importers.
E) strong domestic and international demand.
D
47) The biggest problem faced by less developed countries
in financing development is
A) trade negotiations with more developed countries.
B) identifying unique economic assets.
C) inability to repay loans.
D) promoting dependency.
E) currency inflation.
C
48) What do critics charge are some effects of Structural
Adjustment Programs for refinancing loans to LDCs?
A) more efficient civil service
B) diverting investment from weapons and training for the
military to social needs such as health and education
C) investment benefiting the poor, not just the elite
D) more dissemination of information to the public
E) workers in state enterprises losing their jobs and support
for dependent citizens being cut
E
49) All of the following are considered more developed
regions except
A) Southwest Asia and North Africa.
B) North America.
C) Australia and New Zealand.
D) Europe.
E) Western Europe.
A
50) The major economic asset of the Russian region is
A) Asia's greatest levels of agricultural productivity.
B) the development of tertiary industries.
C) the production of consumer goods.
D) its oil reserves.
E) diversified industrial manufacturing.
D
51) Southwest Asia and North Africa may become more
developed primarily because of what characteristic?
A) abundant petroleum reserves
B) desert climate
C) Islamic religious principles
D) democratic reforms
E) dictatorships
A
52) Population density was traditionally low in North
Africa because of
A) its wet climate.
B) its dry climate.
C) Dutch colonial activity.
D) its high arithmetic density.
E) its low fertility rates.
B
53) Examining the sub-national variation in development
for many countries, such as Brazil, China, or Mexico,
reveals
A) development can be attributed only to outside forces.
B) cities are relatively underdeveloped compared to the
agricultural lands.
C) wealth is concentrated in the cooler, mountainous
regions.
D) almost no variations in wealth and development exist
between different subnational regions.
E) substantial variations in development exist at
subnational scales.
E
54) According to Rostow's development model, the
process of development begins when
A) a high percentage of national wealth is allocated to
nonproductive activities.
B) an elite group initiates innovative activities.
C) take-off industries achieve technical advances.
D) workers become more skilled and specialized.
E) banking institutions are sufficiently mature.
B
55) If the per capita GDP in a given country is about
$1,500, this indicates that it is a
A) petroleum exporting state.
B) less developed country.
C) more developed country.
D) country with a high gross domestic product.
E) country with evenly distributed wealth.
56) Which one of the following statements is
INCORRECT?
A) The higher the GDP of a country, the more equal its
income distribution.
B) The primary sector accounts for a larger share of GDP
for LDCs than MDCs.
C) Workers in MDCs are more productive than those in
LDCs.
D) The HDI is a function of economics, social, and
demographic indicators.
E) Women participate in formal and informal economies
even in LDCs with high levels of gender inequality.
B
57) The large percentage of population involved in
agriculture in China indicates that
A) the country imports most of its food.
B) few people are unemployed.
C) most people consume an inadequate amount of calories.
D) most people must produce food for their own survival.
E) factory production cannot expand.
A
58) The highest levels of development within Latin
America are generally found in
A) Central America.
B) the Caribbean islands.
C) the interior of South America.
D) southern South America.
E) the countries on the Caribbean coast of South America.
D
59) Sub-Saharan Africa has seen some development
because of
A) the colonial legacy, which has benefited every country
in the region.
B) poor leadership.
C) the capacity of land to produce food.
D) investment in the infrastructure of port cities, despite
ignoring infrastructure in many other areas.
E) overworked agricultural land and declining outpu
D
60) Development prospects are limited in some North
African countries because of
A) the lack of colonization and trade with Europe.
B) poor leadership.
C) the great amount of petroleum controlled by OPEC.
D) their limited reserves of petroleum.
E) overworked agricultural land and declining output
D
61) Which of the following is not a characteristic of the
Fair Trade movement?
A) Standards intending to protect workers are instituted in
LDCs.
B) Fair Trade coffee has become available in most North
American cities.
C) Cooperatives intend to benefit local farmers and
artisans, rather than absentee corporate owners.
D) Employers must pay fair wages and comply with
environmental and safety standards.
E) Protection of workers' rights is already a high priority
for multinational corporations.
E
Note 
Flashcard (28)