Untitled Flashcards Set

Bolshevik Revolution

A 1917 revolution in Russia led by Vladimir Lenin and the Bolshevik Party that overthrew the czarist regime and established a communist government.

Red Scare (1919-1920)

A period of intense fear of communism and radical leftist ideas in the United States.

Criminal Syndicalism Laws

Laws that made it illegal to advocate for violent social change or the overthrow of the government.

American Plan

A business strategy in the 1920s promoting 'open shops,' where employees were not required to join labor unions.

Immigration Act of 1924

A law that established strict immigration quotas favoring northern and western European immigrants, while banning Asian immigration entirely.

Eighteenth Amendment

The constitutional amendment that prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages.

Volstead Act

The federal law that enforced the Eighteenth Amendment and defined illegal alcoholic beverages.

Racketeers

Criminals engaged in illegal activities such as gambling and bootlegging, often associated with organized crime during Prohibition.

Bible Belt

A region in the southern United States known for strong Protestant fundamentalist beliefs.

Fundamentalism

A religious movement emphasizing literal interpretation of the Bible and opposition to modern scientific theories.

United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)

A Black nationalist organization founded by Marcus Garvey promoting African American pride.

A. Mitchell Palmer

U.S. Attorney General who led the Palmer Raids during the Red Scare.

Nicola Sacco & Bartolomeo Vanzetti

Italian immigrants controversially convicted of murder in 1921 and executed in 1927 despite widespread belief that they were unfairly tried.

Horace Kallen

A philosopher who promoted cultural pluralism, allowing immigrant groups to maintain their cultural identities while coexisting in the US.

Randolph Bourne

A writer who criticized U.S. nationalism and supported cultural diversity.

Al Capone

A notorious gangster during Prohibition known for illegal alcohol sales.

John T. Scopes

A teacher tried in the 1925 'Scopes Monkey Trial' for teaching evolution, violating a law that required teaching creationism.

Frederick Taylor

An engineer known for developing 'scientific management' to improve industrial efficiency.

Henry Ford

American automobile manufacturer who revolutionized industry with the assembly line, making it more affordable to the masses.

Charles A. Lindbergh

Aviator known for completing the first solo nonstop transatlantic flight in 1927, from New York to Paris.

Margaret Sanger

A birth control activist and founder of Planned Parenthood advocating for reproductive rights.

Sigmund Freud

An Austrian psychologist whose theories on the unconscious mind and sexuality influenced modern psychology and literature.

Scientific Management

A system developed by Frederick Taylor to improve industrial productivity by analyzing and optimizing work processes.

Fordism

A manufacturing system based on assembly line techniques, characterized by mass production and higher wages for workers.

Modernism

A cultural movement embracing new ideas in art, literature, and philosophy, rejecting traditional values and promoting innovation.

Lost Generation

 A term describing a group of disillusioned American writers in the 1920s, many of whom lived abroad and wrote about the moral emptiness of postwar society.

Harlem Renaissance

 A flourishing of African American literature, music, and culture in Harlem, New York, during the 1920s, celebrating Black identity and artistic expression.

F. Scott Fitzgerald

 A novelist of the "Lost Generation" best known for The Great Gatsby, which critiques the materialism of the 1920s.

Ernest Hemingway

 A writer known for his concise style and themes of war, disillusionment, and masculinity, author of The Sun Also Rises and A Farewell to Arms.

T.S. Eliot

A modernist poet whose works, such as The Waste Land, reflected themes of disillusionment and cultural decline.

William Faulkner

A novelist known for his experimental writing style and portrayal of the American South, including The Sound and the Fury.

Langston Hughes

A key figure in the Harlem Renaissance, known for his poetry that celebrated Black culture and addressed racial issues.